Substantial hepatic necrosis is prognostic in fulminant liver failure

Table 1 Clinical features of the patients who had submassive or massive hepatic necrosis n (%)

Extent of necrosis	Patients (n = 37)	Ascites	Bacterial infection	INR mean and range
26%-50%	1	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.34 (1.34)
51%-75%	10	1 (10)	0 (0)	2.19 (0.95-4.52)
76%-100%	26	5 (19.2)	3 (11.5)	2.64 (1.10-5.91)

The INR data were not available for one patient in the 51%-75% and 76%-100% groups, respectively.

Table 2 Prognosis of the patients who had submassive or massive hepatic necrosis with respect to liver transplantation n (%)

Extent of necrosis	Patients (n = 37)	Received transplant (n = 14)		Transplant free (n = 23)
		Died	Survived	Died	Survived
26%-50%	1	NA	NA	NA	1 (100)
51%-75%	10	NA	3 (100)	2 (28.6)	5 (71.4)
76%-100%	26	4 (36.4)	7 (63.6)	9 (60.0)	6 (40.0)

NA: Not applicable.

Table 3 Prognosis of the patients who had submassive or massive hepatic necrosis with respect to the etiology n (%)

Etiology	Patients (n = 37)	Received transplant (n = 14)		Transplant free (n = 23)
		Died	Survived	Died	Survived
DILI	10	NA	3 (100)	3 (42.9)	4 (57.1)
AIH	14	1 (20.0)	4 (80.0)	3 (33.3)	6 (66.7)
Viral hepatitis	9	3 (60.0)	2 (40.0)	3 (75.0)	1 (25.0)
Unknown	4	NA	1 (100)	2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)

NA: Not applicable; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; DILI: Drug induced liver injury.

Table 4 Hepatic encephalopathy with respect to the extent of hepatic necrosis n (%)

Extent of necrosis	Patient number (n = 37)	Encephalopathy
		Present (n = 5)	Absent (n = 32)
26%-50%	1	0	1 (100)
51%-75%	10	0	10 (100)
76%-100%	26	5 (19.2)	21 (80.8)