Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2017; 23(1): 127-134
Published online Jan 7, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i1.127
Table 1 Patient characteristics
GERD without CPGERD with NCCPGERD with CCP
(n = 182)(n = 124)(n = 52)
Age (mean ± SD, yr)46.16 ± 11.5151.59 ± 11.44b61.13 ± 13.66bd
Sex (male/female)104/78 (1.33:1)78/46 (1.70:1)36/16 (2.25:1)
BMI (mean ± SD, kg/m2)23.44 ± 4.2322.97 ± 3.1923.26 ± 3.57
Smoking, n (%)39 (21.2)37 (29.8)14 (26.9)
Alcohol, n (%)48 (26.4)26 (21.0)12 (23.1)
Table 2 Gastroesophageal reflux disease scores and chest pain severity and frequency in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with or without chest pain
GERD without CP (n = 182)GERD with NCCP (n = 124)GERD with CCP (n = 52)P value
GERD score (mean ± SD)15.26 ± 3.7915.73 ± 3.5415.00 ± 3.440.428
Chest pain severity, n (%)-120520.038
Mild37 (30.8)6 (11.5)
Moderate39 (32.5)19 (36.5)
Severe37 (30.8)22 (42.4)
Incapacitating7 (5.9)5 (9.6)
Chest pain frequency, n (%)-120520.046
< once per month43 (35.8)14 (26.9)
≥ once per month49 (40.8)16 (30.8)
≥ once per week28 (23.4)22 (42.3)
Table 3 Anxiety and depression in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with or without chest pain
GERD without CP (n = 182)GERD with NCCP (n = 124)GERD with CCP (n = 52)
HADS Depression, n (%)72 (39.6)61 (49.2)19 (36.5)
(mean ± SD)6.41 ± 4.767.00 ± 4.496.17 ± 4.05
HADS Anxiety, n (%)48 (26.4)54 (43.5)a24 (46.2)a
(mean ± SD)4.72 ± 4.136.86 ± 4.64b6.35 ± 4.06b
HADS Depression and Anxiety, n (%)45 (24.7%)49 (39.5%)a23 (44.3%)a
Table 4 Health-related quality of life in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with or without chest pain
GERD without CPGERD with NCCPGERD with CCP
(n = 182)(n = 124)(n = 52)
Physical function97.33 ± 5.3384.55 ± 20.98b55.87 ± 26.66bd
Role-physical54.92 ± 49.7551.23 ± 46.6725.48 ± 36.55bd
Bodily pain76.52 ± 19.7160.83 ± 22.99b54.46 ± 24.66b
General health38.77 ± 17.6939.92 ± 20.6440.92 ± 21.88
Vitality60.62 ± 24.7561.33 ± 22.9849.46 ± 22.66ad
Social functioning79.30 ± 26.0667.25 ± 25.77a53.41 ± 19.55bd
Role-emotional82.51 ± 37.8153.82 ± 47.42b41.89 ± 44.37b
Mental health68.90 ± 24.4662.77 ± 21.6865.19 ± 19.73
Table 5 Influence of physical and psychological symptoms on quality of life in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with chest pain: A multivariate analysis
GERD with NCCP
GERD with CCP
β1P valueβ1P value
Constant-0.000-0.000
Anxiety-0.3130.003-0.1690.048
Depression-0.2990.005-0.0770.218
Chest pain-0.1700.017-0.4220.001
GERD-0.1530.023-0.2360.043