Role of regulatory T cell in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease

Group	Model	Association	Ref.
Chemical drug-induced model	DSS	TNF-α, IL-17, reduced Treg cells	[43]
	TNBS	IL-12, IL-17, reduced Treg cells	[44]
	Oxazolone	IL-4	[45]
	Acetic acid (rat)	Myeloperoxidase	[46]
Adoptive transfer model	Naïve T cell→Rag-/-/SCID	Recovery by Treg cell transfer	[16]
Bacteria-infected model	C. rodentium	Acute infection, IL-17	[54]
	Helicobacter, etc.	Combined with the other models	[47]
Spontaneous model	SAMP/Yit/Fc	Dysfunction of Treg cell	[83]
	C3H/HeJBir	Increased susceptibility to bacteria	[84]
	Cotton-top Tamarin (monkey)	C.Jejuni infection	[85]
	LEC (rat)	Reduced Treg cells	[86]
Gene-manipulated model	IL-2-/-	Reduced Treg cells	[59]
	IL-2R-/-	Reduced Treg cells	[19]
	IL-10-/-	Reduced Treg cells	[60]
	NOD2-/-	Impaired innate immunity	[61]
	Myd88-/-	Impaired TLR signal	[65]
	NF-κB-/-	Impaired pro-inflammatory signal	[62]
	Cdcs1-/-	Impaired pro-inflammatory signal	[67]
	Mdr1a-/-	Reduced iTreg cell differentiation	[68]
	TCR-/-	Defective adaptive immunity	[60]
	TGFβ-/-	Reduced Treg cell	[72]
	JAK3-/-	Balance of Th1 and Th2	[73]
	Muc2-/-	ER stress	[74]
	A20-/-	Impaired Myd88 signal	[75]
	TCR-/-SOCS1-/-	Increased IFN-γ and IL-4	[76]
	CD4/TGFβ-/-	Impaired Treg cell function	[77]
	CD4/PDK1-/-	Reduced Treg cell	[78]
	CD4/Blimp1-/-	Increased IL-17	[79]
	TNF∆ARETG	Increased CD8 function	[71]
	STAT4TG	Increased TNF-α	[80]
	T/CD40LTG	Thymic dysfunction	[81]
	B/CD40LTG	Increased IFN-γ	[82]