Jamal Talabani A, Lydersen S, Ness-Jensen E, Endreseth BH, Edna TH. Risk factors of admission for acute colonic diverticulitis in a population-based cohort study: The North Trondelag Health Study, Norway. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(48): 10663-10672 [PMID: 28082819 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i48.10663]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Tom-Harald Edna, MD, PhD, Professor, Surgeon, Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postboks 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway. tom-harald.edna@ntnu.no
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Prospective Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 28, 2016; 22(48): 10663-10672 Published online Dec 28, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i48.10663
Table 1 Percentage missing values in different variables
Variable
Females
Males
Hard physical activity
39
28
Cigarette smoking
7
5
Breathlessness
16
10
Constipation
12
9
Type of bread
13
16
Highest educational level
6
5
Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the study population n (%)
Characteristic
Acute colonic diverticulitis 1998-2012
Females
Males
No
Yes
No
Yes
Study population
22203
233
20009
125
Age in years at inclusion
Mean ± SD
49.9 (17.2)
59.8 (13.8)
49.5 (16.7)
54.7 (14.4)
Age groups (yr)
< 50
11892 (99.5)
57 (0.5)
10787 (99.6)
45 (0.4)
50-70
6708 (98.4)
112 (1.6)
6307 (99.1)
58 (0.9)
> 70
3603 (98.3)
64 (1.7)
2915 (99.3)
22 (0.7)
BMI (kg/m2)
< 25
9987 (99.3)
68 (0.7)
6983 (99.6)
26 (0.4)
25-29.9
8206 (98.9)
89 (1.1)
10146 (99.4)
64 (0.6)
≥ 30
4010 (98.1)
76 (1.9)
2880 (98.8)
35 (1.2)
Hard physical activity (h/wk)
< 1
9346 (99.0)
91 (1.0)
8368 (99.3)
58 (0.7)
≥ 1
4286 (99.6)
19 (0.4)
6105 (99.4)
36 (0.6)
Missing
8571 (98.6)
123 (1.4)
5536 (99.4)
31 (0.6)
Smoking cigarettes
Never
10134 (99.2)
81 (0.8)
7337 (99.6)
31 (0.4)
Previous
4137 (98.8)
51 (1.2)
6175 (99.2)
52 (0.8)
Daily
6295 (98.8)
75 (1.2)
5491 (99.4)
33 (0.6)
Missing
1637 (98.4)
26 (1.6)
1006 (99.1)
9 (0.9)
Problems with breathlessness the last 12 mo
Not at all
17030 (99.1)
155 (0.9)
16585 (99.5)
87 (0.5)
Slightly
1434 (98.8)
17 (1.2)
1262 (98.5)
19 (1.5)
Very much
185 (98.4)
3 (1.6)
189 (98.4)
3 (1.6)
Missing
3554 (98.4)
58 (1.6)
1973 (99.2)
16 (0.8)
Problems with constipation the last 12 mo
Not at all
13664 (99.1)
125 (0.9)
15690 (99.4)
90 (0.6)
Slightly
4640 (99.0)
48 (1.0)
2201 (99.4)
14 (0.6)
Very much
1213 (98.3)
21 (1.7)
285 (99.0)
3 (1.0)
Missing
2686 (98.6)
39 (1.4)
1833 (99.0)
18 (1.0)
Type of bread
Only fine
2670 (99.0)
28 (1.0)
3798 (99.5)
20 (0.5)
Mixed
3158 (99.0)
33 (1.0)
4062 (99.4)
23 (0.6)
Only coarse
13440 (98.9)
147 (1.1)
9018 (99.3)
62 (0.7)
Missing
2935 (99.2)
25 (0.8)
3131 (99.4)
20 (0.6)
Highest educational level
Primary school
8146 (98.7)
110 (1.3)
5519 (99.2)
46 (0.8)
Above primary school
12687 (99.3)
95 (0.7)
13536 (99.5)
73 (0.5)
Missing
1370 (97.3)
28 (2.7)
954 (99.4)
6 (0.6)
Living area
Urban
18225 (98.9)
195 (1.1)
16425 (99.4)
91 (0.6)
Rural
3978 (99.1)
38 (0.9)
3584 (99.1)
34 (0.9)
Table 3 Univariable Cox regression analysis of risk factors relating to admission for acute diverticulitis, after multiple imputation for missing values
Characteristic
Females
Males
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
Age in years (yr)
< 50
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
50-70
3.55 (2.58-4.89)
< 0.001
2.36 (1.60- 3.48)
< 0.001
> 70
5.88 (4.10-8.44)
< 0.001
3.46 (2.06-5.79)
< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
< 25
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
25-29.9
1.59 (1.16-2.18)
0.004
1.62 (1.03-2.56)
0.040
≥ 30
2.86 (2.06-3.97)
< 0.001
3.20 (1.93-5.31)
< 0.001
Hard physical activity (h/wk)
< 1
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
≥ 1
0.46 (0.27- 0.77)
0.003
0.85 (0.56-1.29)
0.45
Smoking cigarettes
Never daily
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Formerly
1.45 (1.04-2.01)
0.027
2.12 (1.36- 3.13)
0.001
Present daily
1.36 (1.01-1.83)
0.043
1.49 (0.91- 2.44)
0.11
Problems with breathlessness the last 12 mo
Not at all
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Slightly
1.44 (0.87-2.36)
0.15
3.09 (1.88- 5.08)
< 0.001
Very much
2.32 (0.76- 7.12)
0.14
3.54 (1.13-11.2)
0.031
Problems with constipation the last 12 mo
Not at all
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Slightly
1.14 (0.82-1.60)
0.44
1.25 (0.72-1.19)
0.43
Very much
2.02 (1.29-3.18)
0.002
2.35 (0.76-7.24)
0.14
Type of bread
Only fine
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Mixed
0.97 (0.58-1.61)
0.90
1.03 (0.57-1.86)
0.93
Only coarse
1.01 (0.67-1.51)
0.96
1.26 (0.76-1.08)
0.38
Highest educational level
Primary school
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Higher than primary school
0.49 (0.37-0.64)
< 0.001
0.57 (0.39-0.82)
0.002
Living area
Urban
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Rural
0.92 (0.65-1.30)
0.63
1.80 (1.21-2.67)
0.004
Table 4 Multivariable Cox regression analysis of risk factors relating to admission for acute diverticulitis, after multiple imputation for missing values
Characteristic
Females
Males
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
Age in years (yr)
< 50
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
50-70
3.42 (2.40-4.86)
< 0.001
1.85 (1.22-7.80)
0.004
> 70
6.19 (4.02-9.54)
< 0.001
2.56 (1.45-4.52)
0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
< 25
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
25-29.9
1.25 (0.90-1.73)
0.18
1.46 (0.92-2.32)
0.11
≥ 30
2.06 (1.46-2.91)
< 0.001
2.58 (1.53-4.34)
< 0.001
Hard physical activity (h/wk)
< 1
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
≥ 1
0.67 (0.39-1.15)
0.15
1.03 (0.67-1.57)
0.90
Smoking cigarettes
Never daily
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Formerly
1.65 (1.15-2.36)
0.007
1.45 (0.91-2.31)
0.12
Present daily
2.11 (1.51-2.94)
< 0.001
1.38 (0.84-2.29)
0.21
Problems with breathlessness the last 12 mo
Not at all
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Slightly
1.12 (0.68-1.86)
0.66
2.57 (1.55-4.28)
< 0.001
Very much
1.43 (0.45-4.59)
0.55
2.48 (0.74-8.39)
0.14
Problems with constipation the last 12 mo
Not at all
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Slightly
1.05 (0.75-1.48)
0.77
0.94 (0.53-1.66)
0.82
Very much
1.54 (0.95-2.49)
0.078
1.41 (0.43-4.68)
0.57
Type of bread
Only fine
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Mixed
1.08 (0.65-1.79)
0.77
1.06 (0.58-1.93)
0.85
Only coarse
0.93 (0.62-1.41)
0.74
1.24 (0.74-2.07)
0.41
Highest educational level
Primary school
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Higher than primary school
1.13 (0.82-1.54)
0.46
0.90 (0.61-1.33)
0.60
Living area
Urban
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Rural
0.92 (0.65-1.30)
0.63
1.80 (1.21-2.67)
0.004
Citation: Jamal Talabani A, Lydersen S, Ness-Jensen E, Endreseth BH, Edna TH. Risk factors of admission for acute colonic diverticulitis in a population-based cohort study: The North Trondelag Health Study, Norway. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(48): 10663-10672