Long-term outcomes of autoimmune pancreatitis

Table 1 Development of pancreatic stone formation and functional impairment in autoimmune pancreatitis patients during long-term follow-up

Ref.	Year	Follow-up period (mo)	Incident rate
			Pancreatic stone	Endocrine dysfunction	Endocrine dysfunction
Uchida et al[15]	2006	41	4.8% (1/21)	60.0% (6/10)	46.2% (6/13)
Maire et al[23]	2011	50	NA	34.1% (15/44)	38.6% (17/44)
Maruyama et al[14]	2012	91	40.6% (28/69)	NA	NA
Hart et al[12]	2013	NA	7.0% (46/659)	NA	NA
Hirano et al[13]	2013	76	11.3% (8/71)	NA	NA
Buijs et al[24]	2015	75	NA	82.4% (56/68)	56.1% (37/66)

NA: Not available.

Table 2 Characteristics of the autoimmune pancreatitis patients with pancreatic cancer whose clinical data were available

Case	Ref.	Year	Age	Sex	Smoking	Alcohol	Diabetes	Location of the PC	Period onset of AIP to PC
1	Inoue et al[39]	2006	62	M	Yes	No	Yes	Body	0 (Synchronous)
2	Ghazale et al[40]	2007	72	M	NA	NA	NA	Body	60
3	Witkiewicz et al[41]	2008	80	M	NA	NA	NA	Head	0 (Synchronous)
4	Motosugi et al[42]	2009	59	M	NA	NA	Yes	Body and tail	0 (Synchronous)
5	Matsubayashi et al[43]	2009	65	M	No	No	No	NA	0 (Synchronous)
6	Gupta et al[48]	2012	73	M	NA	NA	NA	Tail	120
7	Gupta et al[48]	2012	69	M	NA	NA	NA	Head	60
8	Hirano et al[47]	2014	58	M	No	NA	Yes	NA	119
9	Hirano et al[47]	2014	70	M	No	NA	Yes	NA	162
10	Ikeura et al[46]	2014	61	F	Yes	No	No	Head	31
11	Ikeura et al[46]	2014	39	F	No	No	No	Body	186
12	Ikeura et al[46]	2014	80	M	No	No	Yes	Head	67

NA: Not available; AIP: Autoimmune pancreatitis; PC: Pancreatic cancer.

Table 3 Development of cancer at or after autoimmune pancreatitis diagnosis

Ref.	Year	Follow-up period (mo)	Incident rate of PC	Incident rate of extrapancreatic cancer
Nishino et al[27]	2006	41	0.0% (0/12)	16.7% (2/12)
Takuma et al[50]	2011	40	0.0% (0/50)	NA
Yamamoto et al[51]	2012	37	0.0% (0/106)1	10.1% (11/106)1
Shiokawa et al[52]	2012	40	0.0% (0/108)	13.9% (15/108)
Hart et al[12]	2013	NA	0.7% (5/659)	7.0% (46/659)
Gupta et al[48]	2013	49	2.4% (2/84)	NA
Hart et al[49]	2014	43	0.9% (1/116)	9.5% (11/116)
Huggett et al[37]	2014	33	0.9% (1/115)2	7.0% (8/115)2
Hirano et al[47]	2014	73	2.1% (2/95)	11.5% (13/113)1
Ikeura et al[46]	2014	62	4.8% (3/63)	3.2% (2/63)
Shimizu et al[45]	2015	54	1.2% (1/84)	11.9% (8/84)
Buijs et al[24]	2015	75	0.0% (0/68)	11.8% (8/68)

¹Includes patients with systemic IgG4-related disease without autoimmune pancreatitis;

²Includes patients with IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis. NA: Not available; PC: Pancreatic cancer.