Personalized medicine in gastric cancer: Where are we and where are we going?

Table 1 Targeted therapies in advanced gastric cancer investigated in clinical trials

Target	Drug	Study phase	Status
HER2	Trastuzumab	Phase III	Available results[5]
	T-DM1	Phase II	Ongoing (NCT01702558)
		Phase III	Ongoing (NCT01641939)
	Lapatinib	Phase III	Available results[32]
		Phase III	Available results[33]
HER2/HER3	Pertuzumab	Phase II	Available results[31]
		Phase III	Ongoing (NCT01774786)
EGFR	Cetuximab	Phase III	Available results[37]
	Panitumumab	Phase III	Available results[38]
	Nimotuzumab	Phase II1	Available results[39]
	Erlotinib	Phase II	Available results[40]
VEGF	Bevacizumab	Phase III	Available results[52]
VEGFR-2	Ramucirumab	Phase III	Available results[18]
		Phase III	Available results[19]
		Phase II1	Available results[53]
		Phase III	Ongoing (NCT02314117)
	Apatinib	Phase III	Available results[54]
PIK3/Akt/mTOR	Everolimus	Phase III	Available results[61]
		Phase III	Ongoing (NCT01248403)
		Phase I	Ongoing (NCT01049620)
	MK-2206	Phase II	Ongoing (NCT01260701)
	BYL719	Phase I	Ongoing (NCT01613950)
FGFR2	Dovitinib	Phase I/II	Ongoing (NCT01921673)
		Phase II	Ongoing (NCT01719549)
	AZD4547	Phase II1	Available results[68]
MET	Rilotumumab	Phase II	Available results[73]
		Phase III	Available results[74]
		Phase III	Available results[75]
	Onartuzumab	Phase III	Available results[72]
	Foretinib	Phase II	Available results[71]
	Tivantinib	Phase II	Available results[76]
PD-L1	Pembrolizumab	Phase Ib	Available results[84]
		Phase II	Ongoing (NCT02335411)
CTLA-4	Tremelimumab	Phase I/II	Ongoing (NCT02340975)
JAK2	AZD1480	Phase I	Ongoing (NCT01219543)
PARP	Olaparib	Phase III	Ongoing (NCT01924533)

¹Randomized phase II trials. HER2: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HER3: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; PIK3CA/AKT/mTOR: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase CA/AKT/Mammalian target of rapamycin; FGFR2: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2; MET: Mesenchymal-epithelial transition; PD-L1: Programmed cell death-ligand 1; JAK2: Janus kinase 2; PARP: Poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]–ribose) polymerase.