Chemokine/chemokine receptor pair CCL20/CCR6 in human colorectal malignancy: An overview

Table 1 Nomenclature of selected chemokines, coding chromosomal location, major function and interacting receptor

	Synonymes	Location	Major function	Receptor
CC Chemokine
CCL3	MIP-1α/LD78α	17q11.2	Inflammation	CCR1
CCL4	MIP-1β	17q12	Inflammation	CCR1
				CCR5
CCL5	RANTES	17q12	Inflammation	CCR5
CCL19	MIP-3β/ELC/Exodus-3	9p13.3	Homing	CCR7
CCL20	MIP-3α/LARC/Exodus-1	2q36.3	Homing, Inflammation	CCR6
CCL21	6Ckine/SLC/Exodus-2	9p13.3	Homing	CCR7
CCL25	TECK/Ckβ15	19p13.2	Homing	CCR9
CXC Chemokine
CXCL8	IL-8	4q13.3	Inflammation, Angiogenesis1	CXCR1
				CXCR2
CXCL9	MIG	4q21.1	Inflammation,	CXCR3
			Angiogenesis2
CXCL10	IP-10	4q21.1	Inflammation,	CXCR3
			Angiogenesis2
CXCL11	I-TAC	4q21.1	Inflammation,	CXCR3
			Angiogenesis2	CXCR7
CXCL12	SDF-1α/β	10q11.21	Homing	CXCR4
				CXCR7
CXCL13	BLC/BCA-1	4q21.1	Homing	CXCR5
CX3C Chemokine
CX3CL1	Fractalkine	16q13	Inflammation	CX3CR1
C-Chemokine
XCL1	Lymphotactin/SCM-1α	1q24.2	Homing	XCR1
XCL2	SCM-1β	1q24.2	Homing	XCR1

¹Promotor of angiogenesis;

²Inhibitor of angiogenesis.

Table 2 CCL20 and CCR6 data in colorectal cancer available in the literature

Author	Year	Cell-lines	Clinical samples	Animal model	CCL20 determination	CCR6 determination	Functional assays	Ref.
Rossi	1997	Yes	No	No	SB, NB	No	No	[8]
Izadpanah	2001	Yes	Yes	No	IHC, PCR, ELISA	IHC, PCR	No	[27]
Fujiie	2001	Yes	No	No	ELISA, PCR	No	No	[28]
Kwon	2002	Yes	No	No	ELISA, PCR	No	No	[29]
Dellacasagrande	2003	No	Yes	Yes	No	PCR	AA	[43]
Yang	2005	Yes	No	No	No	FC, CM	cAMP, PP, CF	[32]
Brand	2006	Yes	Yes	No	PCR, IHC	PCR, IHC	PA, WA, APA	[33]
Ghadjar	2006	No	Yes	No	No	IHC	No	[34]
Rubie	2006	No	Yes	No	PCR, ELISA	PCR, WB	No	[35]
Liu	2011	Yes	No	Yes	IF, WB, PCR	FC, IF	No	[51]
Vicinus	2012	Yes	No	No	PCR, ELISA		miR, LUC	[42]
Hu	2013	No	Yes	No	No	IHC	No	[38]
Frick	2013	No	Yes	No	PCR, ELISA, IHC	PCR, IHC	No	[37]
Vicinus	2013	No	Yes	No	PCR, ELISA, IHC	No	No	[41]
Nandi	2014	Yes	Yes	Yes	ELISA, IHC	IHC, PCR, WB	No	[39]

SB: Southern blot; NB: Northern blot; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; PA: Proliferation assay; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; AA: Actin assay; FC: Flow-cytometry; CM: Confocal microscopy; cAMP: cAMP assay; PP: Protein phosphorylation; CF: Calcium flux; WA: Wounding assay; APA: Apoptosis assay; WB: Western blot; IF: Immunofluorescece staining; miR: miRNA assay; LUC: Dual luciferase reporter assay.