Copyright
©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 28, 2016; 22(12): 3341-3354
Published online Mar 28, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i12.3341
Published online Mar 28, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i12.3341
Table 1 Clinicopathological data of the hepatocellular carcinoma cohort
Clinicopathologic parameters | Frequency | % |
All cases | 30 | |
Gender | ||
Male | 23 | 76.7 |
Female | 7 | 23.3 |
Age (yr) | ||
< 50 | 5 | 16.7 |
> 50 | 25 | 83.3 |
Tumor size (cm) | ||
< 5 | 8 | 26.7 |
> 5 | 22 | 73.3 |
Serum HBsAg | ||
Positive | 24 | 80.0 |
Negative | 6 | 20.0 |
Serum AFP (ng/mL) | ||
< 25 | 4 | 13.3 |
> 25 | 26 | 86.7 |
Cirrhosis | ||
Presence | 27 | 90.0 |
Absence | 3 | 10.0 |
UICC stage | ||
I + II | 13 | 43.3 |
III + IV | 17 | 56.7 |
Metastasis/Recurrence | ||
Yes | 18 | 60.0 |
No | 12 | 40.0 |
Edmondson grade | ||
Low (I/II) | 10 | 33.3 |
High (III/IV) | 20 | 66.7 |
Table 2 Primer sequences used for the amplification of different genes by quantitative PCR
Gene | Forward primer sequence | Reverse primer sequence |
AQP3 | 5'-CACAGCCGGCATCTTTGCTA-3' | 5'-TGGCCAGCACACACACGATA-3' |
AQP9 | 5'-CTTAACAATTCACAAGGCACTT-3' | 5'-TCTCAGCCAGCTACTGATCTTC-3' |
AFP | 5'-ACCCTGGTGTTGGCCAGTGC-3' | 5'-GCAGCGCTACACCCTGAGCT-3' |
β-actin | 5'-TCACCCACACTGTGCCCATCTACGA-3' | 5'-CAGCGGAACCGCTCATTGCCAATGG-3' |
Table 3 Correlation of AQP3 and AQP9 expression levels (low and high) to clinico-pathological data
Factors | AQP3 | OR (95%CI) | P value | AQP9 | OR (95%CI) | P value | ||
Low | High | Low | High | |||||
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 4 | 19 | 0.526 (0.074-3.748) | 0.603 | 16 | 1 | 7.111 (0.686-73.76) | 0.138 |
Female | 2 | 5 | 9 | 4 | ||||
Age (yr) | ||||||||
< 50 | 1 | 4 | 1.000 (0.091-11.03) | 1.000 | 3 | 2 | 0.205 (0.024-1.771) | 0.183 |
> 50 | 5 | 20 | 22 | 3 | ||||
Tumor size (cm) | ||||||||
< 5 | 3 | 5 | 3.800 (0.580-24.90) | 0.300 | 6 | 2 | 0.474 (0.063-3.540) | 0.589 |
> 5 | 3 | 19 | 19 | 3 | ||||
Serum HBsAg | ||||||||
Positive | 5 | 19 | 1.316 (0.124-13.98) | 1.000 | 21 | 3 | 1.185 (0.166-8.475) | 1.000 |
Negative | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | ||||
Serum AFP (ng/mL) | ||||||||
< 25 | 3 | 2 | 11.00 (1.271-95.23) | 0.041 | 4 | 0 | 2.302 (0.107-49.54) | 1.000 |
> 25 | 3 | 22 | 21 | 5 | ||||
Cirrhosis | ||||||||
Presence | 6 | 21 | 2.116 (0.096-46.56) | 1.000 | 11 | 2 | 6.000 (0.780-46.17) | 0.102 |
Absence | 0 | 3 | 14 | 3 | ||||
UICC stage | ||||||||
I + II | 4 | 4 | 10.00 (1.341-74.55) | 0.029 | 2 | 4 | 0.022 (0.002-0.300) | 0.003 |
III + IV | 2 | 20 | 23 | 1 | ||||
Metastasis/recurrence | ||||||||
Yes | 1 | 17 | 0.082 (0.008-0.839) | 0.026 | 17 | 1 | 12.67 (1.177-136.4) | 0.031 |
No | 5 | 7 | 8 | 4 | ||||
Edmondson grade | ||||||||
Low (I/II) | 3 | 3 | 14.00 (1.741-112.6) | 0.016 | 7 | 4 | 0.097 (0.009-1.029) | 0.047 |
High (III/IV) | 3 | 21 | 18 | 1 |
Table 4 Cox regression analysis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Variables | Univariate | P value | |
HR | 95%CI | ||
AQP3 expression (1 = low, 2 = high) | 4.948 | 1.037-23.605 | 0.045 |
AQP9 expression (1 = low, 2 = high) | 10.835 | 1.488-78.877 | 0.019 |
Gender (1 = Male, 2 = Female) | 2.681 | 0.852-8.436 | 0.092 |
Age (1 < 50, 2 ≥ 50) | 2.579 | 0.332-20.049 | 0.365 |
Tumor size (1 < 5 cm, 2 ≥ 5) | 1.261 | 0.334-4.759 | 0.732 |
Serum HBsAg (1 = Positive, 2= Negative) | 0.575 | 0.153-2.154 | 0.411 |
Serum AFP (1 < 25 ng/mL, 2 ≥ 25 ng/mL) | 1.102 | 0.293-4.146 | 0.886 |
Cirrhosis (1 = Presence, 2 = Absence) | 1.401 | 0.373-5.268 | 0.618 |
UICC stage (1 = I + II, 2 = III + IV) | 0.115 | 0.027-0.485 | 0.003 |
Metastasis/Recurrence (1 = Yes, 2 = No) | 0.228 | 0.065-0.804 | 0.021 |
Edmondson grade [1 = Low (I/II), 2 = High (III/IV)] | 0.560 | 0.175-1.791 | 0.328 |
- Citation: Peng R, Zhao GX, Li J, Zhang Y, Shen XZ, Wang JY, Sun JY. Auphen and dibutyryl cAMP suppress growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating expression of aquaporins 3 and 9 in vivo. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(12): 3341-3354
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i12/3341.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i12.3341