Repeat hepatic resection in patients with colorectal liver metastases

Table 1 Characteristics of patients with colorectal liver metastases n (%)

Variable	Primary hepatectomy (n = 406)	Secondary hepatectomy (n = 55)	P value1
Sex (M/F)	266:140	36:19	0.99
Median age (yr) (range)	59.5 (26-80)	58 (36-80)	0.95
Number of CRLM (median, range)	1 (1-8)	1 (1-4)	0.01
CRLM size (median, range)	2.4 (0.2-7.5)	2.4 (1.0-7.5)	0.85
Liver metastases
Synchronous	279 (69)	39 (71)	0.74
Metachronous	127 (31)	16 (29)
CRLM number
Single	232 (57)	41 (75)	0.014
Multiple	174 (43)	14 (25)
CRLM treatment
Resection	324 (80)	25 (45)	< 0.001
RFA	57 (14)	29 (53)
Both	25 (6)	1 (2)
T stage
T1 T2 T3	364 (90)	47 (85)	0.35
T4	42 (10)	8 (15)
N stage
N0	117 (29)	13 (24)	0.42
N1 or N2	289 (71)	42 (76)
Histological differentiation2
High grade	367 (90)	53 (96)	0.21
Low grade	39 (10)	2 (4)
Lymphatic invasion
(-)	172 (42)	16 (29)	0.02
(+)	129 (32)	26 (47)
Vascular invasion
(-)	168 (41)	29 (53)	0.14
(+)	102 (25)	10 (18)
Perineural invasion
(-)	191 (47)	20 (36)	0.38
(+)	74 (18)	11 (22)
Chemotherapy
Yes	373 (92)	50 (91)	0.79
No	33 (8)	5 (9)

¹χ² test, Fisher’s exact test, or Mann Whitney U test;

²High grade: well or moderately differentiated, Low grade: poorly differentiated or mucinous carcinoma. CRLM: Colorectal liver metastases.

Table 2 Cox regression proportional hazard model of disease-free survival in recurrent colorectal liver metastases

Variable	Primary hepatectomy (n = 406)				Secondary hepatectomy (n = 55)
	Univariate analysis	Multivariate analysis1			Univariate analysis	Multivariate analysis1
	P value	HR	95%CI	P value	P value	HR	95%CI	P value
Male sex	0.110				0.260
Age	0.750				0.360
Metachronous	0.002	0.70	0.42-1.16	0.170	0.670
Multiple CRLM	0.067				0.037	2.78	1.33-5.78	0.006
Size of CRLM	0.001	1.15	1.04-1.26	0.006	0.260
Radiofrequency ablation	0.220				0.008	2.84	1.40-5.73	0.004
T4	0.110				0.530
N1 or N2	0.002	1.17	0.70-1.94	0.550	0.310
Low grade cell differentiation2	< 0.001	2.38	1.46-3.88	0.001	0.660
Lymphatic invasion	< 0.001	1.50	1.02-2.20	0.040	0.100
Vascular invasion	< 0.001	1.49	0.99-2.25	0.058	0.670
Perineural invasion	0.001	1.32	0.88-1.99	0.190	0.820
Adjuvant chemotherapy	0.950				0.140

¹Variables that were significant in univariate analysis were verified with a multivariate model;

²Low grade: poorly differentiated or mucinous carcinoma. CRLM: Colorectal liver metastases.