Hepatolithiasis and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A review

Table 1 Concomitant cholangiocarcinoma in hepatic resection for hepatolithiasis n (%)

Ref.	Year	Nation/region	Case (n)	Incidence
Zhu et al[34]	2014	China	2056	107 (5.2)
Lin et al[32]	2013	Taiwan	211	10 (4.7)
Tabrizian et al[35]	2012	Italy	30	7 (23.3)
Cheon et al[30]	2009	South Korea	90	8 (9.0)
Uenishi et al[12]	2009	Japan	86	10 (11.6)
Lee et al[36]	2007	Taiwan	123	4 (3.3)
Catena et al[37]	2006	Italy	17	2 (11.7)
Chen et al[38]	2004	Hong Kong	103	10 (9.7)

Table 2 Subsequent cholangiocarcinoma after initial management for hepatolithiasis

Ref.	Year	Nation/region	Cases (n)	Incidence of cholangiocarcinoma
				Total	Stone removal
					Complete	Residual
Kim et al[33]	2015	South Korea	236	6.8%	3.3%	10.4%
Tsuyuguchi et al[39]	2014	Japan	121	9.9%	9.1%	10.4%
Lin et al[32]	2013	Taiwan	197	6.1%	4.9%	11.8%
Park et al[6]	2013	South Korea	85	2.4%
Cheon et al[30]	2009	South Korea	225	4.9%	4.0%	8.0%
Uenishi et al[12]	2009	Japan	76	2.6%
Lee et al[36]	2007	Taiwan	123	1.6%
Chen et al[38]	2004	Hong Kong	91	3.3%
Huang et al[42]	2003	Taiwan	209	2.4%	0.7%	6.6%

Table 3 Clinical characteristics of subsequent cholangiocarcinoma patients[33]

Case	Sex/age	Location of stone	Treatment method	Residual stone	Time of CC (mo)	Location of CC	Stage
1	M/65	Lt	ERCP	Yes	14	Lt	IVA
2	M/69	Lt	PTCSL	Yes	15	Lt	III
3	M/72	Lt	PTCSL	Yes	17	Lt	IVA
4	M/66	Lt	ERCP	Yes	21	Lt	III
5	M/51	Lt	PTCSL	Yes	13	Lt	IVA
6	M/63	Lt	PTCSL	No	53	Lt	IVA
7	F/71	Rt	ERCP	Yes	79	Both	III
8	F/54	Both	PTCSL	Yes	10	Lt	IVA
9	F/56	Rt	PTCSL	No	111	Rt	IVA
10	F/65	Both	PTCSL	Yes	72	Lt	IVA
11	M/60	Both	Lt. hemi-hepatectomy	Yes	102	Rt	III
12	F/67	Both	Lt. lobectomy	Yes	55	Rt	IVA
13	F/51	Lt	Lt. hemi- hepatectomy	No	109	Lt	II
14	M/52	Both	Lt. lobectomy	Yes	28	Rt	IVA
151	F/47	Lt	Lt. hemi-hepatectomy	No	14	Caudate	III
16	F/56	Both	Lt. lobectomy	Yes	81	Rt	IVB

¹Described in Figure 3. M: Male; F: Female; CC: Cholangiocarcinoma; Lt: Left; Rt: Right; ERCP: Endoscopic cholangiopancreatography; PTCSL: Percutaneous transhepatic choledochoscopic lithotomy.