Updated experiences with minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients receiving minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy n (%)

Clinical variable	Value
Age (yr)	60 (36-79)
Male gender	341 (76.6)
Neoadjuvant radiotherapy	21 (4.7)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	30 (6.7)
Location
Upper	96 (21.6)
Middle	292 (65.6)
Lower	57 (12.8)
Type of surgery
Total MIME	375 (84.3)
Hybrid MIME	70 (15.7)

MIME: Minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy.

Table 2 Reasons for conversion of patients receiving minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy

Reason	Number
Rupture of trachea	1
Pleural adhesion	2
Adhesion of abdominal cavity	2

Table 3 Clinical characteristics of patients receiving McKeown esophagectomy n (%)

Clinical variable	Total MIME (n = 375)	Hybrid MIME (n = 70)	Open McKeown esophagectomy (n = 103)	P value
Age (yr)	59 (54-65)	62 (55-67)	56 (52-63)	0.024
Sex (Male)	289 (77.1)	52 (74.3)	84 (81.6)	0.490
BMI (kg/m2)	23 (21-25)	22 (20-25)	23 (20-24)	0.100
Tumor location				< 0.001
Upper	78 (20.8)	18 (25.7)	58 (56.3)
Middle	248 (66.1)	44 (62.9)	39 (37.9)
Lower	49 (13.1)	8 (11.4)	6 (5.8)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	21 (5.6)	9 (12.9)	11 (10.7)	0.042
Neoadjuvant radiotherapy	16 (4.3)	5 (7.1)	11 (10.7)	0.043

MIME: Minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy; BMI: Body mass index; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer.

Table 4 Perioperative outcomes of patients receiving Mckeown esphagectomy n (%)

Clinical variable	Total MIME (n = 375)	Hybrid MIME (n = 70)	Open McKeownesophagectomy (n = 103)	P value
Duration of operation (min)	330 (270-420)	370 (305-435)	340 (320-400)	0.323
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	100 (100-200)	300 (100-300)	200 (100-300)	0.001
Number of harvested lymph nodes	22 (16-31)	19 (14-29)	25 (19-32)	0.293
AJCC staging				0.085
0	1 (0.3)	1 (1.4)	0 (0)
I	108 (28.8)	19 (27.1)	17 (16.5)
II	172 (45.9)	33 (47.1)	49 (47.6)
III	94 (25.1)	17 (24.3)	37 (35.9)
Differentiation				0.685
High	107 (28.6)	18 (25.7)	35 (34.0)
Middle	209 (55.9)	40 (57.1)	50 (48.5)
Low	58 (15.5)	12 (17.1)	18 (17.5)
Complete resection	374 (99.7)	70 (100)	103 (100)	0.794
Overall Morbidity	73 (19.5)	13 (18.6)	22 (21.6)	0.864
Pulmonary complications	11 (2.9)	2 (2.9)	6 (5.8)	0.347
Leakage	46 (12.3)	10 (14.3)	9 (8.7)	0.493
In-hospital mortality	2 (0.5)	0 (0)	1.0 (0)	0.696
Length of hospital stay (d)	16 (14-24)	18 (16-27)	21 (16-28)	0.078

MIME: Minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer.

Table 5 Comparison of perioperative outcomes of patients who underwent total minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy in the early period n (%)

Clinical variable	Group 1 (n = 60)	Group 2 (n = 60)	Group 3 (n = 60)	P value
Duration of operation (min)	350 (285-450)	303 (270-373)	300 (240-370)	0.004
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	300 (125-375)	200 (100-300)	100 (100-300)	0.081
Number of harvested lymph nodes	21 (17-30)	22 (16-31)	21 (16-26)	0.866
Overall morbidity	10 (16.7)	13 (21.7)	14 (23.3)	0.643
Pulmonary morbidity	2 (3.3)	3 (5.0)	0 (0)	0.237
Leakage	5 (8.3)	7 (11.7)	11 (18.3)	0.248
In-hospital mortality	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0.366
Length of hospital stay (d)	17 (14-22)	20 (14-31)	15 (12-21)	0.335