Inflammatory bowel disease in an underdeveloped region of Northeastern Brazil

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the population of the state of Piauí (Brazil) in 2010 and of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (total), Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis according to gender, race, education, family income, and residence (urban or rural) in Piauí (Brazil), 1988-2012

Demographic variables		General population of Piauí1: (n= 3118360)	IBD phenotype
			CD (n= 100)	UC (n= 152)	Overall IBD (n= 252)
			n(%)	n(%)	n(%)
Gender	Male	49.0%	54 (54.0)	55 (36.2)	109 (43.3)
	Female	51.0%	46 (46.0)	97 (63.8)	143 (56.7)
	χ2 test	-	P = 0.32	P = 0.00	P = 0.07
Race	Miscegenated	64.0%	64 (64.0)	107 (70.4)	171 (67.9)
	White	24.4%	26 (26.0)	34 (22.4)	60 (23.8)
	Black	9.4%	10 (10.0)	10 (6.6)	20 (7.9)
	Yellow	2.2%	0 (0)	1 (0.6)	1 (0.4)
	χ2 test	-	P = 0.50	P = 0.24	P = 0.18
Education (yr of schooling)	Uneducated and < 9 yr	58.2%2	25 (25.0)	70 (46.0)	95 (37.8)
	≥ 9 yr	41.8%	75 (75.0)	82 (53.9)	157 (62.4)
	χ2 test	-	P = 0.00	P = 0.00	P = 0.00
Residence	Urban area	65.8%	93 (93.0)	124 (81.6)	217 (86.1)
	Rural area	34.2%	7 (7.0)	28 (18.4)	35 (13.9)
	χ2 test	-	P = 0.00	P = 0.00	P = 0.00
Average income	Monthly3	247.00 USD	643.50 USD	555.40 USD	590.40 USD

¹Source: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE [database online], 2010);

²Individuals aged > 18 yr;

³State of Piauí = income per capita, study population: family income. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis.

Table 2 Clinical features of patients with Crohn’s disease at diagnosis according to the Montreal classification6 in Piauí (Brazil), 1988-2012

Phenotypic elements		n(%)	Female,n(%)	Male,n(%)
Age at diagnosis (A)	A1: ≤ 16 yr old	8 (8.0)	2 (25.0)	6 (75.0)
	A2: 17-40 yr old	71 (71.0)	30 (42.3)	41 (57.7)
	A3: > 40 yr old	21 (21.0)	14 (66.7)	7 (33.3)
Disease location (L)	L1: Terminal ileum	15 (15.0)	7 (46.7)	8 (53.3)
	L2: Colonic	36 (36.0)	17 (47.2)	19 (52.8)
	L3: Ileocolonic	17 (17.0)	7 (41.2)	10 (58.8)
	L4: Isolated upper disease	7 (7.0)	1 (14.3)	6 (85.7)
	L1, L2 or L3: Concomitant with L4	25 (25.0)	14 (56.0)	11 (44.0)
Disease behavior (B)	B1: Nonstricturing, nonfistulizingB1 + p (perianal disease modifier)	69 (69.0)19 (27.0)	33 (47.8) 7 (36.8)	36 (52.2)12 (63.2)
	B2: StricturingB2 + p (perianal disease modifier)	18 (18.0) 3 (16.7)	6 (33.3) 2 (66.7)	12 (66.7) 1 (33.3)
	B3: Penetrating1B3 + p (perianal disease modifier)	13 (13.0) 5 (38.5)	7 (53.8) 2 (40.0)	6 (46.2) 3 (60.0)

¹Rectovaginal fistula = 4; Entero-cutaneous fistula = 6; Entero-enteric fistula = 2; Acute perforated abdomen = 1.

Table 3 Clinical aspects of patients with ulcerative colitis (n = 152) at the time of diagnosis according to the modified Montreal classification in Piauí (Brazil), 1988-2012

Phenotypic elements		n(%)	Female,n(%)	Male,n(%)
Age at diagnosis (A)1	A1: ≤ 16 yr old	7 (4.6)	3 (42.9)	4 (57.1)
	A2: 17-40 yr old	88 (57.9)	56 (63.6)	32 (36.4)
	A3: > 40 yr old	57 (37.5)	38 (66.7)	19 (33.3)
Disease extent (E)	E1: Ulcerative proctitis	14 (9.2)	9 (64.3)	5 (35.7)
	E2: Keft-sided ulcerative colitis	93 (61.2)	63 (67.7)	30 (32.3)
	E3: Extensive ulcerative colitis (pancolitis)	45 (29.6)	25 (55.6)	20 (44.4)
Disease severity (S)	S1: Mild	41 (27.0)	28 (68.3)	13 (31.7)
	S2: Moderate	60 (39.5)	40 (66.7)	20 (33.3)
	S3: Severe	51 (33.5)	29 (56.9)	22 (43.1)

¹Age at diagnosis is not a phenotypic element of the Montreal classification for ulcerative colitis.