Early endoscopic ultrasonography in acute biliary pancreatitis: A prospective pilot study

Table 1 Characteristics of the 71 patients according to the level of risk for common bile duct stones

Patient features	Risk of common bile duct stones
	Low (n = 21; 29%)	Moderate (n = 26; 37%)	High (n = 24; 34%)
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	59 ± 17	59 ± 17	62 ± 18
Male, n (%)	9 (43)	12 (46)	13 (54)
Bilirubin (mg/dL, mean ± SD)	1.3 ± 0.5	2.1 ± 1.4	5.0 ± 1.7
AST (IU/mL, mean ± SD)	201 ± 186	232 ± 175	237 ± 237
ALT (IU/mL, mean ± SD)	169 ± 182	237 ± 146	302 ± 268
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L, mean ± SD)	341 ± 183	328 ± 192	495 ± 316
GGT (IU/mL, mean ± SD)	306 ± 253	634 ± 167	541 ± 390
Fever	1	1	2
Previous cholecystectomy	1	2	2
Common bile duct dilation	0	14	11
Gallstones on US	13	20	23
Gallstones on EUS in patients negative on US	2	0	0

AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; GGT: γ-glutamyltransferase; US: Ultrasonography; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasonography.

Table 2 Common bile duct stones detected on endoscopic ultrasonography, according to the predetermined level of risk n (%)

EUS	Results
	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Neg.	17 (81)	11 (42)	12 (50)
Pos.	4 (19)	15 (58)	12 (50)
Total	21	26	24

Table 3 Mean number and size (mm) of stone(s) in the 31 patients with common bile duct stones according to the predetermined level of risk

Risk of common bile duct stones	Number, mean ± SD	Size, mean ± SD
Low (n = 4; 19%)	1.5 ± 0.6	3.5 ± 3.9
Moderate (n = 15; 58%)	1.5 ± 0.5	4.2 ± 1.8
High (n = 12; 50%)	1.5 ± 0.5	5.6 ± 2.6
Overall (n = 31; 44%)	1.5 ± 0.5	4.6 ± 2.2