Application of 3D reconstruction for surgical treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis

Table 1 Characteristics of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in Group A and Group B

Variable	Group A(n = 59)	Group B(n = 47)	P value
Age, yr, mean ± SD	41.4 ± 13.1	42.5 ± 13.2	0.968
Sex, male/female	32/27	24/23	0.448
Location of lesion, n (%)
Right lobe	34 (57.6)	30 (63.8)	0.327
Left lobe	12 (20.3)	9 (19.1)	0.350
Bilateral lobes	13 (22.0)	8 (17.0)	0.347
AST, U/L, mean ± SD	37.6 ± 23.9	40.2 ± 28.9	0.362
ALT, U/L, mean ± SD	33.7 ± 30.6	33.2 ± 29.4	0.545
ALB, g/L, mean ± SD	41.5 ± 5.2	40.5 ± 5.9	0.573
TBIL, mmol/L, mean ± SD	25.3 ± 13.6	27.5 ± 18.9	0.182
DBIL, mmol/L, mean ± SD	14.2 ± 10.5	12.2 ± 13.2	0.325
PT, s, mean ± SD	13.1 ± 2.1	13.0 ± 2.6	0.655

AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALB: Albumin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; PT: Prothrombin time.

Table 2 Invasion of lesions in patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in Group A and Group B n (%)

Vessels invaded	Group A (n = 59)	Group B (n = 47)	P value
HA
RHA	30 (50.8)	26 (55.3)	0.397
LHA	9 (15.3)	8 (17.0)	0.505
LHA and RHA	20 (33.9)	13 (27.7)	0.317
HV
RHV	22 (37.3)	19 (40.4)	0.448
LHV	5 (8.5)	8 (17.0)	0.249
RHV and MHV	6 (10.2)	7 (14.9)	0.329
LHV and MHV	17 (28.8)	13 (27.7)	0.536
PV
RPV	31 (52.5)	22 (46.8)	0.348
LPV	11 (18.6)	11 (23.4)	0.358
LPV and RPV	17 (28.8)	14 (29.8)	0.541
IVC	13 (22.0)	9 (19.1)	0.453

HA: Hepatic artery; LHA: Left hepatic artery; RHA: Right hepatic artery; HV: Hepatic vein; LHV: Left hepatic vein; RHV: Right hepatic vein; PV: Portal vein; LPV: Left portal vein; RPV: Right portal vein; IVC: Inferior vena cava.

Table 3 Surgical procedures for patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in Group A and Group B n (%)

Surgical procedure	Group A(n = 59)	Group B(n = 47)	P value
Major hepatectomy	31 (52.5)	28 (59.6)	0.299
Bisegmentectomy	6 (10.2)	7 (14.9)	0.329
Limited resection	12 (20.3)	11 (23.4)	0.441
Combined with cholecystectomy	36 (61.0)	30 (63.8)	0.463
Combined with choledochojejunostomy	9 (15.3)	5 (10.6)	0.345

Table 4 Postoperative laboratory features

Variable	Group A(n = 59)	Group B(n = 47)	P value
AST, U/L, mean ± SD	141.6 ± 71.9	151.9 ± 75.1	0.668
ALT, U/L, mean ± SD	107.2 ± 55.9	119.5 ± 70.0	0.164
ALB, g/L, mean ± SD	26.3 ± 5.9	22.6 ± 4.3	0.033
TBIL, mmol/L, mean ± SD	74.7 ± 35.3	88.2 ± 36.5	0.833
DBIL, mmol/L, mean ± SD	42.3 ± 20.0	50.2 ± 25.0	0.306
PT, s, mean ± SD	14.4 ± 2.2	14.9 ± 2.4	0.267

Table 5 Clinical outcomes and postoperative complications of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in Group A and Group B n (%)

Variable	Group A (n = 59)	Group B (n = 47)	P value
Operating time, min, mean ± SD	227.1 ± 51.4	304.6 ± 88.1	0.007
Intraoperative blood loss, mL, mean ± SD	308.1 ± 135.4	458.1 ± 175.4	0.028
Intraoperative blood transfusion, mL, mean ± SD	186.4 ± 169.6	289.4 ± 199.2	0.040
Postoperative hospital stay	12.8 ± 3.0	12.0 ± 2.8	0.519
Perioperative mortality	0	0
Liver failure	0	0
Abdominal bleeding	0	0
Biliary fistula	1 (1.7)	2 (4.3)	0.415
Wound infection	4 (6.8)	5 (10.6)	0.358
Ascites	3 (5.1)	5 (10.6)	0.240
Pleural effusion	4 (6.8)	5 (10.6)	0.358
Pulmonary infection	2 (3.4)	3 (6.4)	0.393
Urinary system infection	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	0.557
Total complications	15 (25.4)	19 (40.4)	0.076