Oral Campylobacter species: Initiators of a subgroup of inflammatory bowel disease?

Table 1 Most of Campylobacter species detected in the intestinal biopsies and fecal samples collected from patients with inflammatory bowel disease and controls are not of zoonotic origin but are human oral Campylobacter species

Campylobacter species	Human oral bacteria	2% ox-bile resistance	Urease activity	Motile
C. concisus	Yes	14%-50%	-	Yes
C. showae	Yes	-	-	Yes
C. hominis	No	60%-93%	-	No
C. gracilis	Yes	-	-	No
C. jejuni	No	60%-93%	-	Yes
C. ureolyticus	Yes	-	50%-100%	No
C. curvus	Yes	-	-	Yes
C. rectus	Yes	-	-	Yes

Information was obtained from[14-18,23,27,32,33]. Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) refers to C. jejuni subsp. jejuni. C. ureolyticus has been isolated from various clinical sources including dental samples. - indicates 0%-11% positivity.