Cardiac mucosa at the gastroesophageal junction: An Eastern perspective

Table 1 Relationship between mucosal type and endoscopic findings n (%)

Assessment	Mucosa type
	OM/OCM (n = 20)	CM (n = 41)	P value
Los Angeles classification
N	15 (75.0)	18 (43.9)	0.022
M, A, B, C, D	5 (25.0)	23 (56.1)
Hill grade
Normal (1, 2)	16 (80.0)	27 (65.9)	0.255
Reflux (3, 4)	4 (20.0)	14 (34.1)
Hiatal hernia
Absent	15 (75.0)	22 (53.7)	0.109
Present	5 (25.0)	19 (46.3)

CM: Cardiac mucosa; OCM: Oxyntocardiac mucosa; OM: Oxyntic mucosa.

Table 2 Relationship between mucosal type and severity of inflammation n (%)

Assessment	Mucosa type
	OM/OCM (n = 20)	CM (n = 41)	P value
Mononuclear cell infiltration
Mild	11 (55.0)	6 (14.6)	0.001
Moderate, marked	9 (45.0)	35 (85.4)
Neutrophil infiltration
Absent	17 (85.0)	19 (46.3)	0.004
Mild, moderate, marked	3 (15.0)	22 (53.7)
Intestinal metaplasia
Absent	17 (85.0)	28 (68.3)	0.164
Present	3 (15.0)	13 (31.7)
Helicobacter pylori infection
Absent	16 (80.0)	33 (80.5)	0.964
Present	4 (20.0)	8 (19.5)

CM: Cardiac mucosa; OCM: Oxyntocardiac mucosa; OM: Oxyntic mucosa.

Table 3 Relationship between carditis and endoscopic findings n (%)

Assessment	Carditis
	Absent (n = 24)	Present (n = 37)	P value
Los Angeles classification
N	18 (75.0)	15 (40.5)	0.008
M, A, B, C, D	6 (25.0)	22 (59.5)
Hill grade
Normal (1, 2)	20 (83.3)	23 (62.2)	0.077
Reflux (3, 4)	4 (16.7)	14 (37.8)
Hiatal hernia
Absent	17 (70.8)	20 (54.1)	0.190
Present	7 (29.2)	17 (45.9)
Helicobacter pylori infection
Absent	20 (83.3)	29 (78.4)	0.634
Present	4 (16.7)	8 (21.6)

Table 4 Logistic regression analysis between oxyntic mucosa/oxyntocardiac mucosa and cardiac mucosa

Assessment	Adjusted odds ratio	95%CI	P value
Mononuclear cell infiltration	4.230	1.003-17.833	0.049
Neutrophil infiltration	4.296	0.958-19.267	0.057
Los Angeles classification	2.969	0.771-11.430	0.114
Age	1.038	0.989-1.089	0.130

CI: Confidence interval.