Histological mixed-type as an independent prognostic factor in stage I gastric carcinoma

Table 1 Association between clinicopathological characteristics and histological mixed-type in pathological stage I gastric cancer n (%)

	n	Histological type		P value
		Mixed-type	Non-mixed-type
Sex	446	113	333
Male	305	76 (67)	229 (69)
Female	141	37 (33)	104 (31)	0.7651
Age (yr)
< 65	233	52 (46)	181 (54)
≥ 65	213	61 (54)	152 (46)	0.1252
Location
Upper	340	81 (72)	259 (78)
Middle or Lower	106	32 (28)	74 (22)	0.1883
Histological type (JCGC)
Differentiated	251	60 (53)	191 (57)
Undifferentiated	195	53 (47)	142 (43)	0.4302
Macroscopic appearance (JCGC)
Type 0	402	99 (88)	303 (91)
Type 1-5	44	14 (12)	30 (9)	0.2977
Tumor size (mm)
< 25	214	36 (32)	178 (53)
≥ 25	232	77 (68)	155 (47)	< 0.00011
Venous invasion
0	410	102 (90)	308 (92)
1-3	36	11 (10)	25 (8)	0.4526
Lymphatic invasion
0	370	82 (73)	288 (86)
1-3	76	31 (27)	45 (14)	0.00111
TNM classification
pT categories
T1a	11	34 (30)	185 (56)
T1b	11	59 (52)	124 (37)
T2	31	20 (18)	24 (7)	< 0.00011
pN categories
N0	427	105 (93)	322 (97)
N1	19	8 (7)	11 (3)	0.1476

¹Statistically significant values (P < 0.05). P values were calculated by χ² or Fisher’s exact test. JCGC: Japanese classification of gastric carcinoma.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate survival analyses using Cox’s proportional hazard model in pathological stage I gastric cancer

Variables	Univariate1	Multivariate2
	P value	HR	95%CI		P value
Sex
Male vs female	0.5618
Age (yr)
≥ 65 vs < 65	0.1001
Location
U vs ML	0.8450
Histological type (JCGC)
Undiff vs Diff	0.7256
Tumor size (mm)
≥ 25 vs < 25	0.1918
Venous invasion
Positive vs Negative	< 0.00013	13.513	2.252	83.33	0.00443
Lymphatic invasion
Positive vs Negative	0.1796
pT-stage
T2 vs T1	0.4781
pN-stage
N1 vs N0	0.6373
Histological type
Mixed vs Non-mixed	0.00263	11.402	1.265	102.74	0.03003

¹Kaplan-Meier method, and statistical significance was determined by log-rank test;

²multivariate survival analysis was performed using Cox’s proportional hazard model;

³Statistically significant values (P < 0.05). Diff: Differentiated; Undiff: Undifferentiated.