Laparoscopic vs computerized tomography-guided radiofrequency ablation for large hepatic hemangiomas abutting the diaphragm

Table 1 Demographic characteristic of patients in the study n (%)

Group	CT-guided ablation(n = 24)	Laparoscopic ablation(n = 27)	P value
Age (yr), mean (SD)	50.0 (14.5)	49.5 (8.27)	0.748
Gender (male: female)	10:14	11:16	0.947
Co-morbidities
Gallbladder stones	0 (0)	3 (11.1)	0.238
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	2 (8.3)	3 (10.3)	1.000
History of open cholecystectomy	1 (4.2)	0 (0)	0.471
Chronic hepatitis B	1 (4.2)	0 (0)	0.471
History of previous liver surgery	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	1.000
Hepatic cysts	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	1.000
Reasons for radiofrequency ablation
Abdominal discomfort only	3 (12.5)	3 (11.1)	1.000
Enlargement of hemangioma only	9 (37.5)	11 (40.7)	0.813
Abdominal discomfort and enlargement	12 (50.0)	13 (48.2)	0.895
Maximal size of hemangioma, (cm), mean (SD)	9.6 (2.5)	9.4 (1.8)	0.686
Min	6.0	6.5
Max	11.5	12.0

Table 2 Outcome of radiofrequency ablation for hepatic hemangiomas n (%)

Group	CT-guided ablation(n = 24)	Laparoscopic ablation(n = 27)	P value
Technical success rate	24 (100)	27 (100)
Complete ablation	22 (91.7)	26 (96.3)	0.595
Time of ablation per lesion (min), mean (SD)	94.2 (20.4)	95.4 (18.3)	0.875
Diameter of ablated zone 1 mo after ablation (cm), mean (SD)	6.4 (1.3)	4.4 (1.4)	0.457
Diameter of ablated zone 6 mo after ablation (cm), mean (SD)	5.5 (1.4)	3.7 (1.5)	0.387

Table 3 Thoracic complications of radiofrequency ablation n (%)

Group	CT-guided ablation(n = 24)	Laparoscopic ablation(n = 27)	P value
Total No. of patients with complication	15 (62.5)	2 (7.4)	0.000
Incidence of complication
Right shoulder pain	11 (45.8)	2 (7.4)	0.003
Transient lung injury	3 (12.5)	0 (0)	0.097
Plural effusion	5 (20.8)	0 (0)	0.018
Diaphragmatic perforation	1 (4.2)	0 (0)	0.471
Hemothorax	1 (4.2)	0 (0)	0.471
Hospital stay, mean (SD)	9.3 (6.5)	3.7 (0.9)	0.032