Characteristics of gastric cancer in peptic ulcer patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients n (%)

	HpGU-GC group(n = 86)	HpDU-GC group(n = 35)	P value
Age (yr), mean ± SD	62.2 ± 10.1	62.5 ± 13.2	0.412
Gender			0.935
Male	68 (79.1)	28 (80.0)
Female	18 (20.9)	7 (20.0)
Complication of peptic ulcer	3 (3.5)	0 (0.0)	0.463
Treatment of cancer			0.728
ESD	50 (58.1)	18 (51.4)
Surgery	36 (41.9)	17 (48.6)

Hp: Helicobacter pylori; GU: Gastric ulcer; DU: Duodenal ulcer; GC: Gastric cancer; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Table 2 Characteristics of the developed gastric cancer during follow-up n (%)

	HpGU-GC(n = 86)	HpDU-GC(n = 35)	P value	Univariateanalysis
Annual incidence (yr)	0.41%	0.11%
Type of cancer			0.534	-
Early gastric cancer	76 (88.4)	28 (80.0)
Advanced gastric cancer	10 (11.6)	7 (20.0)
Location of cancer			0.341	-
Upper	1 (1.2)	0 (0.0)
Middle	45 (52.3)	12 (34.3)
Lower	40 (46.5)	23 (65.7)
Diagnosis of cancer			0.515	-
Adenocarcinoma	77 (89.5)	28 (80.0)
Signet ring cell carcinoma	7 (8.1)	5 (14.2)
Mixed carcinoma	2 (2.4)	2 (5.8)
Differentiation of cancer			0.134	-
Well-differentiated	42 (48.8)	14 (40.0)
Moderate-differentiated	31 (36.0)	11 (31.4)
Poor-differentiated	13 (15.2)	10 (28.6)
T-stage of cancer			0.007	-
T1a	59 (68.6)	16 (45.7)
T1b	16 (18.6)	12 (34.2)
T2	10 (11.6)	3 (8.7)
T3	1 (1.2)	0 (0.0)
T4	0 (0.0)	4 (11.4)
Lauren’s classification			0.083	-
Intestinal type	74 (86.0)	23 (65.7)
Diffuse type	10 (11.6)	12 (34.3)
Mixed type	2 (2.4)	0 (0.0)
Atrophy of surrounding mucosa			0.041	0.038
Non-mild	12 (14.0)	23 (65.7)
Moderate-severe	74 (86.0)	12 (34.3)
Intestinal metaplasia			0.037	0.032
Non-mild	33 (38.4)	30 (85.7)
Moderate-severe	53 (61.6)	5 (14.3)
H. pylori eradication			0.039	0.041
Success	35 (40.6)	17 (48.6)
Failure	51 (59.4)	18 (51.4)
Mean number of endoscopy until GC onset, mean ± SD	5.5 ± 3.2	4.9 ± 3.5	0.076	-
Mean time until GC onset (yr)	3.5 ± 2.4	3.1 ± 2.7	0.09	-

Hp: Helicobacter pylori; GU: Gastric ulcer; DU: Duodenal ulcer; GC: Gastric cancer; Mixed carcinoma: Adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma; Mixed type: Intestinal and diffuse type.

Table 3 Prognosis of the developed gastric cancer n (%)

	HpGU-GC group(n = 86)	HpDU-GC group (n = 35)	P value
Recurrence of cancer	6 (7.0)	2 (5.7)	0.965
Prognosis of cancer			0.347
Alive	69 (80.2)	28 (80.0)
Death	15 (17.5)	6 (17.2)
Unknown	2 (2.3)	1 (2.8)

Hp: Helicobacter pylori; GU: Gastric ulcer; DU: Duodenal ulcer; GC: Gastric cancer.

Table 4 Relative risk of gastric cancer development adjusted by Cox’s proportional hazard model

	Relative risk	95%CI	P value
Group
HpDU-GC	1.00	-	-
HpGU-GC	1.71	1.09-2.70	0.02

Hp: Helicobacter pylori; GU: Gastric ulcer; DU: Duodenal ulcer; GC: Gastric cancer.