Early kidney injury during long-term adefovir dipivoxil therapy for chronic hepatitis B

Table 1 Baseline characteristics n (%)

Characteristic	ADV or ADV + LAM(n = 165)	ETV(n = 165)	P value
Age (yr)	46.2 ± 9.2	48.6 ± 8.7	0.89
Male	115 (69.7)	120 (72.7)	0.68
Treatment duration (mo)	54.6 (12–95)	53.8 (12–98)	0.76
HBeAg positive	95 (57.6)	93 (56.3)	0.64
HBV DNA (log10 copies/mL)	6.65 ± 0.93	6.54 ± 0.89	0.88
Total bilirubin (mmol/L)	48.9 (23–71)	45.7 (21–75)	0.76
ALT (U/L)	146 (85–210)	156 (89–216)	0.54
Albumin (g/L)	45.6 ± 6.7	44.9 ± 7.1	0.32
Creatinine (mmol/L)	57.8 ± 4.6	59.7 ± 8.3	0.45
eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2)	97.8 ± 10.7	96.7 ± 13.5	0.23
Inorganic phosphate (mmol/L)	1.43 ± 0.9	1.37 ± 0.8	0.12
b2-M (g/mol Cr)	1.4 ± 0.006	1.3 ± 0.005	0.55
RBP (g/mol Cr)	1.6 ± 0.004	1.7 ± 0.008	0.51

ADV: Adefovir dipivoxil; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; β2-M: β2-microglobulin; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; ETV: Entecavir; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus: LAM: Lamivudine; RBP: retinol-binding protein.

Table 2 Determinants of urine β2-microglobulin abnormality

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age ≥ 50 yr	5.237 (2.687-10.742)	< 0.001	3.675 (1.612-7.865)	0.003
Male	1.523 (0.876-3.487)	0.782	-	-
Body weight	1.323 (0.712-3.237)	0.574	-	-
Baseline eGFR < 80 mL/min per 1.73 m2	3.879 (1.657-7.986)	0.001	-	-
ADV treatment	5.178 (2.358-9.867)	< 0.001	3.078 (1.328-6.871)	0.005

ADV: Adefovir dipivoxil; CI: Confidence interval; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR: Hazard ratio.