Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase in fatty acid metabolism involved in liver and other diseases: An update

Table 1 Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase expression and pathways involved in liver diseases

	Liver diseases	mRNA expression	Pathways	Ref.
ACSL1	HF	↓	PPAR/NF-κB/p65	Xin et al[39] and Pyper et al[42]
	NAFLD	↓	TGF	Uto et al[43]
ACSL3	NAFLD	↓	LXR/RXR	Dong et al[44]
ACSL4	HCV	↓	--	Yao et al[17]
	HCC	↑	P38/cAMP	Liang et al[32]
	NAFLD	↑	--	Stepanova et al[41]
ACSL5	NAFLD	↑	Caspase	Reinartz et al[40]

ACSL: Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase; HF: Hepatic fibrosis; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; NF-κB: Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells; TGF: Transforming growth factor; LXR: Liver X receptor; RXR: Retinoid X receptor; cAMP: 3’-5’-cyclic adenosine monophosphate.