Human papillomavirus does not have a causal role in colorectal carcinogenesis

Table 1 Clinical-pathological features of colorectal cancer patients n (%)

Clinical-pathological features	Value
Sex n = 62
M	41 (66.1)
F	21 (33.9)
M/F	1.95
Age (yr) n = 62
Mean ± SD	70.4 ± 11.3
Median	72
Range	38-92
Localizations n = 65
Rectum	13 (20.0)
Sigmoid	21 (32.3)
Transverse	6 (9.2)
Right	25 (38.5)
Stage-AJCC 9thn = 65
I	14 (21.5)
II	22 (33.9)
	IIa 20-IIb 2
III	27 (41.5)
	IIIa 2-IIIb 20-IIIc 5
IV	2 (3.1)
T stage n = 65
T1	6 (9.2)
T2	10 (15.4)
T3	41 (63.0)
T4	8 (12.4)
N stage n = 65
N0	36 (55.4)
N1	19 (29.2)
N2	10 (15.4)
Grading n = 65
G1	5 (7.7)
G2	20 (30.8)
G3	40 (61.5)
V/L/N1 n = 27
0	4 (14.8)
1	22 (81.5)
2	1 (3.7)
Lymph node harvest n = 65
Mean ± SD	21.0 ± 11.5
Median	19
Range	6-72
Metastatic nodes n = 65
Mean ± SD	2.7 ± 6.1
Median	0
Range	0-30
Lymph node ratio n = 65
Mean ± SD	0.11 ± 0.2
Median	0
Range	0-0.88

¹V/L/N: Perivascular/lymphovascular/perineural invasion.

Table 2 Human papillomavirus-positive vs human papillomavirus-negative colorectal cancers n (%)

	HPV-positive (11 cancers from 11 patients)	HPV-negative (54 cancers out of 53 patients)	P value
Sex
M	9 (81.8)	34 (64.1)	0.431
F	2 (18.2)	19 (35.9)
M/F	4.5	1.8
Age (yr)
Mean ± SD	68.1 ± 3.1	70.6 ± 10.9
Median	69	72	0.52
Range	38.0-84.0	46.0-92
95%CI	52.9-76.9	67.5-73.6
Localization
Rectum	2 (18.2)	11 (20.4)
Sigmoid	3 (27.3)	18 (33.3)	0.731
Transverse	2 (18.2)	4 (7.4)
Right	4 (36.3)	21 (38.9)
Stage-AJCC 9th
I	3 (27.3)	11 (20.4)
II	4 (36.3)	18 (33.3)	0.481
III	3 (27.3)	24 (44.4)
IV	1 (9.1)	1 (1.9)
T stage
T1	- (-)	6 (11.1)
T2	3 (27.3)	7 (12.9)	0.231
T3	8 (72.7)	33 (61.1)
T4	- (-)	8 (14.9)
N stage
N0	7 (63.6)	29 (53.7)	0.281
N1	1 (9.1)	17 (31.4)
N2	3 (27.)	8 (14.9)
Grading3
G1	- (-)	5 (9.2)
G2	4 (36.36)	16 (29.7)	0.551
G3	6 (63.64)	33 (61.1)
V/L/N4
V/L/N0	2 (33.3)	2 (9.5)	0.311
V/L/N1	4 (66.7)	18 (85.7)
V/L/N2	- (-)	1 (4.8)
Lymph node harvest
Mean ± SD	23.0 ± 11.4	20.6 ± 11.6
Median	20	18	0.532
Range	10-54	6-72
95%CI	15.3-30.6	17.4-23.7
Metastatic nodes
Mean ± SD	3.1 ± 5.7	2.6 ± 6.2	0.822
Median	0	0
Range	0-15	0-30
95%CI	0.7-6.9	0.9-4.3
Lymph node ratio
Mean ± SD	0.15 ± 0.3	0.1 ± 0.2	0.552
Median	0	0
Range	0-0.8	0-0.8
95%CI	0.04-0.3	0.04-0.15

¹χ²;

²t-test;

³G: Data analysis performed on 64 tumors (10 HPV-positive and 54-HPV negative); V/L/N: Perivascular/lymphovascular/perineural invasion;

⁴Data analysis performed on 27 tumors (6 HPV-positive and 21 HPV-negative). Human papillomavirus (HPV) including high risk, probable high risk and low risk HPV.

Table 3 Genome structure of human papillomavirus 16-positive colorectal cancers

	E2	E4	E5	E6	E7	L1 (SF10)
1	+	-	+	+	+	+
2	+	-	+	+	+	+
3	+	+	+	+	+	+
4	+	+	+	+	+	+
5	+	-	-	-	-	+
6	+	+	+	-	-	+
7	-	-	+	-	-	+