Long-term survival after resection of pancreatic cancer: A single-center retrospective analysis

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of all patients

Variables	Value (n = 195)
Age, mean ± SD	67.6 ± 8.1
Gender
Male	108
Female	87
Tumor marker, median (IQR)
CEA (ng/mL)	2.8 (1.7-4.8)
CA19-9 (U/mL)	143.5 (29.3-435.3)
DUPAN-2 (U/mL)	182 (31.0-739.3)
Operative procedures, n
Pancreaticoduodenectomy	123
Distal pancreatectomy	61
Total pancreatectomy	11
UICC T classification, n
T1	10
T2	6
T3	168
T4	11
Surgical margin status, n
R0	138
R1	50
R2	7
Lymph node metastasis, n
Negative	50
Positive	145
Extrapancreatic neural invasion, n
Positive	108
Negative	87
Portal invasion, n
Positive	63
Negative	132
UICC stage, n
IA	9
IB	1
IIA	38
IIB	110
III	9
IV	28
Adjuvant chemotherapy, n
GEM	142
S1	6
GEM+S1 or others	2
None	45
Time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy (mean days)	54.9

CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; UICC: Union for international cancer control; GEM: Gemcitabin; IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 2 Univariate analysis of factors prognostic for survival in patients undergoing pancreatic resection for pancreatic cancer

Variables	n	MST (mo)	5-yr survival (%)	P value
Age				0.071
> 65	130	22.1	31.3
≤ 65	65	47.3	40.5
Gender				0.060
Male	108	17.5	31.6
Female	87	23.9	38.6
CEA (ng/mL)				0.082
> 5	42	18.5	33.1
≤ 5	138	35.2	38.4
CA19-9 (U/mL)				0.006b
> 200	80	20.7	22.6
≤ 200	104	47.4	47.2
DUPAN-2 (U/mL)				0.003b
> 180	69	24.2	22.7
≤ 180	101	30.8	51.0
Tumor size				< 0.001b
> 20 mm	156	21.7	25.9
≤ 20 mm	39	29.4	69.9
Surgical margin status				< 0.001b
R0	138	47.3	45.2
R1-2	57	16.0	5.6
Lymph node metastasis				< 0.001b
Positive	145	21.8	26.4
Negative	50	28.8	55.8
Extrapancreatic neural invasion				0.00b
Positive	108	22.0	23.9
Negative	87	47.4	47.9
Portal invasion				0.006b
Positive	63	21.1	15.0
Negative	132	35.4	42.7
UICC Stage				< 0.001b
IA	9	34.9	87.5
IB	1	27.1	0
IIA	38	28.2	51.3
IIB	110	20.2	29.0
III	9	16.3	0
IV	28	10.4	14.4
Adjuvant chemotherapy				0.301
Yes	150	21.1	40.5
No	45	27.1	32.5
Time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy				0.985
> 40 d	66	27.1	31.1
≤ 40 d	84	30.8	34.0

^bP < 0.01 vs control. MST: Mean survival time.

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of factors prognostic for survival in patients undergoing pancreatic resection for pancreatic cancer

Variables	HR	95%CI	P value
CA19-9 ( ≤ 200)	0.668	0.410-1.084	0.102
DUPAN-2 ( ≤ 180)	0.767	0.461-1.264	0.299
Negative surgical margin (R0)	0.478	0.296-0.770	0.003
Tumor size ≤ 20 mm	0.399	0.171-0.825	0.012
No lymph node metastasis	0.764	0.413-1.355	0.364
No extrapancreatic neural invasion	0.906	0.548-1.477	0.695
No portal invasion	0.859	0.541-1.370	0.520

Table 4 Clinicopathological characteristics of 5-year survivors and non-survivors

Variables	5-yr survivors(n = 20)	Non-survivors(n = 76)	P value
Age (mean ± SD)	65.5 ± 9.4	67.2 ± 7.9	0.393
Gender			0.398
Male	10	46
Female	10	30
Tumor marker, median (IQR)
CEA (ng/mL)	2.0 (1.3-2.7)	3.0 (1.6-5.4)	0.536
CA19-9 (U/mL)	57.0 (35.0-378.0)	213.5 (48.0-594.5)	0.071
DUPAN-2 (U/mL)	79.5 (25.0-508.0)	312.5 (55.8-965.3)	0.032a
Tumor size			0.008a
> 20 mm, n	13	70
≤ 20 mm, n	7	6
UICC T classification			0.161
T1, n	1	1
T2, n	0	3
T3, n	19	66
T4, n	0	6
Surgical margin status			0.004a
R0, n	19	46
R1, n	1	26
R2, n	0	4
Lymph node metastasis			0.036a
Positive, n	8	62
Negative, n	12	14
Extrapancreatic neural invasion			0.200
Positive	10	50
Negative	10	26
Portal invasion			0.005a
Positive	2	31
Negative	18	45
UICC stage			0.184
IA, n	1	1
IB, n	0	1
IIA, n	7	11
IIB, n	10	43
III, n	0	4
IV, n	2	16
Adjuvant chemotherapy			0.707
Yes	15	60
No	5	16
Time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy (d)	36.0 ± 24.0	64.5 ± 83.1	0.107

CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; UICC: Union for international cancer control.

^aP < 0.05.