Aloe vera attenuated gastric injury on indomethacin-induced gastropathy in rats

Table 1 Summary of parameters in all experimental groups

Group/parameters	n	IL-18 (%)	TNF-α	CINC-1	MDA
Control	6	5.01 ± 3.73	27.78 ± 1.52	104.55 ± 45.80	1.74 ± 0.21
IMN	6	30.67 ± 2.03b	85.07 ± 49.11b	1054.70 ± 20.38b	9.36 ± 1.07b
Aloe vera-treated	6	13.21 ± 1.10d	35.19 ± 1.61c	813.56 ± 239.04bc	2.67 ± 0.64d

The data were presented as the mean ± SD of serum TNF-α, CINC-1, gastric MDA, and the number of IL-18 positive stained cells (%) in all experimental groups (n = 6).

^bP < 0.01 vs control group;

^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs indomethacin (IMN) group.

Table 2 Summary of the gastric erosion and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration score

Group	n	Gastric erosion1			Ulcer	PMN infiltration2
		0	1+	2+		0	1+	2+	3+
Control	6	5	1	0		6	0	0	0
IMN	6	0	0	5	1	2	4	0	0
Aloe vera-treated	6	1	4	1		4	2	0	0

Data are expressed as the number of rats exhibiting each score of gastric erosion and PMN infiltration (n = 6).

¹The gastric erosion score: Score 0: No erosion; Score 1: Erosion 1/3 of epithelium depth; Score 2: Erosion 2/3 of epithelium depth, or develop ulcer.

²The gastric infiltration level was estimated and scored by the pathologist following the update Sydney System[29]. PMN infiltration score: Score 0: No infiltration; Score 1: PMN infiltrate 1/3 of epithelium; Score 2: PMN infiltrate 2/3 of epithelium; Score 3: PMN infiltrate all depth of epithelium represented normal, mild, and marked mucosal injury respectively.