Comparision of modified and conventional delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy in totally laparoscopic surgery

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of the patients in the conventional delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group and modified delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group

Item	Con-group (n = 22)	Mod-group (n = 41)	P value
Age (yr)	54.4 ± 11.2	59.5 ± 11.7	0.096
Gender (n, M/F)	12/10	30/11	0.135
BMI (kg/m2, ≥ 23/< 23)	11/11	30/11	0.066
Tumor site (n, LCGA/GCGA)	19/3	40/1	0.232
Tumor size (mm)	27.6 ± 17.1	35.4 ± 19.2	0.116
Proximal margin (mm)	55.3 ± 15.0	53.1 ± 16.1	0.606
Distal margin (mm)	40.4 ± 15.6	39.8 ± 13.5	0.883
AJCC pT stage (n)			0.1841
T1	12	14
T2	5	17
T3	3	9
T4a	2	1
AJCC pN stage (n)			0.5641
N0	13	22
N1	6	12
N2	2	7
N3	1	0
AJCC pTNM stage (n)			0.640
I	14	22
II	5	14
III	3	5

Data are mean ± SD or the number of patients.

¹Fisher’s exact test. M: Male; F: Female; BMI: Body mass index; LCGA: Lesser curvature of the gastric antrum; GCGA: Greater curvature of the gastric antrum; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; pTNM: Pathological tumor-node-metastasis staging; Con-Group: Conventional delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group; Mod-Group: Modified version of the delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group.

Table 2 Comparison of the perioperative outcomes between the conventional delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group and modified delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group

Item	Con-group (n = 22)	Mod-group (n = 41)	P value
Intraoperative outcomes
Conversion to open surgery (n)	0	0	-
Operative time (min)	150.8 ± 21.6	143.4 ± 23.4	0.225
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	26.8 ± 11.3	30.6 ± 14.8	0.157
Extent of LN dissection (n)			0.375
D1+/D2	4/18	3/38
Number of dissected LNs (per case)	43.9 ± 13.4	39.5 ± 11.5	0.151
Postoperative outcomes
Time to out-of-bed activities (d)	1.9 ± 0.6	2.3 ± 1.5	0.228
First flatus time (d)	3.2 ± 0.9	3.5 ± 1.3	0.295
Time to resume liquid diet (d)	5.5 ± 0.6	5.1 ± 1.2	0.137
Time to resume soft diet (d)	7.5 ± 0.8	8.1 ± 4.3	0.489
Postoperative hospital stay (d)	14.3 ± 10.6	11.5 ± 4.9	0.148
Anastomosis size (mm)	30.5 ± 3.6	30.1 ± 4.0	0.730

The data are mean ± SD or the number of patients. LN: Lymph node; Con-Group: Conventional delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group; Mod-Group: Modified version of the delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group.

Table 3 Postoperative complications of the patients in the conventional delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group and modified delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group n (%)

Item	Con-Group (n = 22)	Mod-Group (n = 41)	P value
Anastomosis-related complications
Anastomotic leakage	1	0	0.3491
Anastomotic stricture	0	0	-
Anastomotic hemorrhage	0	0	-
Other complications
Lymphorrhagia	1	0	0.3491
Postoperative celiac infection	1	0	0.3491
Respiratory infection	1	1	1.0001
Urinary tract infection	0	1	1.0001
Inflammatory intestinal obstruction	0	1	1.0001
Gastric atony	0	1	1.0001
Overall postoperative complications2	2 (9.1)	3 (7.3)	1.000
Postoperative mortality	0 (0)	0 (0)	-

¹Fisher’s exact test;

²Repeated cases were not included. Con-Group: Conventional delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group; Mod-Group: Modified version of the delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy group.