Endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic disease

Table 1 Roles of endoscopic ultrasound in pancreatic diseases

Diagnostic	Therapeutic	Applications under investigation
Acute biliary pancreatitis	CPB/CPN	Biliary access and drainage
Chronic pancreatitis	Pseudocyst drainage	Pancreas duct access
Solid masses	Necrosectomy for WON	Cyst ablation
Cystic lesions		Fiducial marking in tumors
		Local tumor injection therapy or ablation
		3-dimensional EUS
		nCLE
		Pancreatic cystoscopy

CPB: Celiac plexus block; CPN: Celiac plexus neurolysis; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; nCLE: Needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy; WON: Walled-off necrosis.

Table 2 Endoscopic ultrasound criteria for diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis

Parenchymal features	Ductal features
Hyperechoic foci	Calcification
Hyperechoic strands	Main PD dilation
Lobularity	Dilated side branches
Cysts	Hyperechoic PD margins
	Irregular PD contour

PD: Pancreatic duct.