Physical activity support or weight loss counseling for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients given psychological support to physical activity (physical activity Group) or enrolled into cognitive-behavior therapy (cognitive-behavioral treatment group)

	PA Group(n = 22)	CBT Group(n = 44)	P value1
Male gender	77%	64%	0.400
Age (yr)	48.2 ± 14.6	52.1 ± 10.5	0.208
Education (primary/secondary/vocational/degree)	9%/18%/59%/14%	13%/18%/39%/30%	0.213
Civil status (single/married/widowed or divorced)	45%/45%/9%	70%/23%/7%	0.241
Profession (student/housewife/employee/self-employed/retired)	13%/0%/55%/9%/23%	2%/11%/48%/16%/23%	0.309
Body mass index (kg/m2)	30.4 ± 5.0	32.4 ± 3.9	0.089
Waist circumference (cm)	99.0 ± 14.9	105.1 ± 10.4	0.058
Blood glucose (mg/dL)	114.0 ± 32.9	106.9 ± 26.1	0.343
Insulin (μU/mL)	19.1 ± 10.7	19.8 ± 7.6	0.773
HOMA-IR	5.36% ± 3.17%	5.26% ± 2.45%	0.889
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	222 ± 47	229 ± 46	0.598
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	49.4 ± 11.9	47.2 ± 9.4	0.419
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	211 ± 101	182 ± 82	0.214
Systolic pressure (mmHg)	128.3 ± 10.0	132.7 ± 12.8	0.169
Diastolic pressure (mmHg)	84.6 ± 8.3	84.8 ± 8.2	0.953
Alanine aminotransferase (mU/mL)	68.5 ± 28.5	64.1 ± 32.2	0.585
Gamma-glutamyltransferases (mU/mL)	76.0 ± 30.8	70.5 ± 35.4	0.534
Diabetes	33%	30%	0.979
Hypertension	50%	39%	0.614
Treated with statins/fibrates	5%	18%	0.310
Kotronen index	11.5% ± 5.3%	11.2% ± 5.7%	0.841
Fatty liver index	77.0% ± 23.7%	84.7% ± 14.8%	0.119
Visceral adiposity index	2.94 ± 1.83	2.79 ± 1.54	0.740

¹Student t-test, χ²-contingency test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. PA: Physical activity; CBT: Cognitive-behavioral treatment; HOMA: Homeostasis method assessment.