Inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula: Case report and world-literature review

Table 1 Cases of inferior mesenteric artery and vein arteriovenous fistula of congenital etiology

Case	Sex	Age	Clinical sign
			Abdominal pain	Lower GI bleeding	Abdominal mass/bruit	Upper GI bleeding	Portal hypertension	Ischemic colitis	Management
Van Way et al[10], 1971	F	72	√				√		Left hemicolectomy
Sabatier et al[17], 1978	M	22	√	√	√				None (patient’s refusal)
Oyama et al[18], 1980	M	70			√				Left hemicolectomy
Manns et al[11], 1990	M	33		√			√		Left hemicolectomy; mesenteric vein anastomosed to vena cava
Baranda et al[16], 1996	M	63		√			√		Ligation and resection of fistula
Capuano et al[9], 2004	F	76	√	√			√		Embolization; ligation of AVF
Nemcec and Yakes[19], 2005	M	65		√			√		Vein embolization
Matsui et al[20], 2007	M	N/A							Embolization
Kim et al[3], 2008	M	56	√	√			√	√	Percutaneous angioplasty of portal vein; left hemicolectomy
Metcalf et al[7], 2008	M	50	√					√	Left hemicolectomy
Türkvatan et al[2], 2009	M	83	√	√				√	Left hemicolectomy
Akgun et al[6], 2013	M	48	√					√	Total colectomy
El Muhtasaeb et al[21], 2013	M	57	√	√				√	Embolization; left hemicolectomy
Plotkin et al[14], 2013	F	70	√				√	√	Embolization
Takahashi et al[15], 2013	M	78		√			√		Resection
Current case	M	63	√					√	Embolization; left hemicolectomy

AVF: Arteriovenous fistula; GI: Gastrointestinal; N/A: Not available.

Table 2 Cases of inferior mesenteric artery and vein arteriovenous fistula of traumatic-iatrogenic etiology

Case	Sex	Age	Previous operation	Clinical sign						Management
				Abdominal pain	Lower GI bleeding	Abdominal mass/bruit	Upper GI bleeding	Portal hypertension	Ischemic colitis
Houdard et al[22], 1970	F	51	Excision of splenic flexure	√	√			√		Left hemicolectomy
Hirner et al[23], 1978	F	43	Obstetrical	√				√		Left hemicolectomy
Capron et al[13], 1984	F	60	Volvulus of the sigmoid	√			√	√	√	Intraarterial embolization
Slutski et al[12], 1988	M	63	Anterior resection of rectum		√					Embolization
Peer et al[24], 1989	M	63	Anterior resection of the rectum	√	√			√		Embolization
Pietri et al[25], 1990	M	62	Left colectomy			√		√		Left hemicolectomy
	F	60	Left colectomy		√	√			√	Intraarterial embolization
Vauthey et al[1], 1997	M	58	Blunt trauma		√	√				AVF occlusion; embolization; percutaneous alcohol injection
Okada et al[8], 2002	F	69	Sigmoidectomy			√		√		Left sigmoidectomy
Fabre et al[5], 2005	M	N/A	Esophagogastrectomy; sigmoidectomy							Embolization
Gorospe et al[26], 2012	M	58	Right hemicolectomy	√	√					Embolization; total colectomy

AVF: Arteriovenous fistula; GI: Gastrointestinal; N/A: Not available.

Table 3 Comparison between congenital and acquired inferior mesenteric artery and vein arteriovenous fistulas

	Total	Congenital	Acquired
Males	70.4%	81.3%	54.5%
Age, yr	60.2	61.3	58.7
Abdominal pain	55.6%	62.5%	45.5%
Lower GI bleeding	55.6%	56.3%	54.5%
Abdominal mass/thrill	22.4%	12.5%	36.4%
Upper GI bleeding	7.4%	0%	18.2%
Ischemic colitis	33.3%	43.8%	18.2%
Portal hypertension	51.9%	50.0%	54.5%

GI: Gastrointestinal.