Prognostic factors in patients with middle and distal bile duct cancers

Table 1 Univariate analysis of survival, according to the clinicopathological factors of patients who underwent surgical resection (R0, R1 and R2) for mid-distal extrahepatic bile duct cancer n (%)

Variables		Total (n = 133)
		No.	5 yr survival	Median	P value
Age		Mean 65.8
	≤ 70	86 (64.7)	39.1	41.0	0.917
	> 70	47 (35.3)	44.8	38.0
Sex	M	81 (60.9)	33.6	36.0	0.359
	F	52 (39.1)	59.4	105.0
CA19-9 (U/mL)	≤ 35	27 (30)	57.9	85.0	0.734
	> 35	63 (70)	44.9	37.0
Type of resection	PD	90 (67.7)	47.2	59.0	0.105
	BDR	43 (32.3)	30.0	32.0
T classification	Tis, T1	38 (29.7)	52.3	63.0	0.144
	T2	25 (19.5)	56.8	-
	T3	65 (50.8)	34.1	36.0
N classification	N0	96 (75.0)	51.3	63.0	0.033
	N1	32 (25.0)	17.0	30.0
M classification	M0	130 (97.7)	42.2	41.0	0.242
	M1	3 (2.3)	0	16.0
TNM stage	0, I	51 (39.5)	64.5	105.0	0.006
	II	75 (58.1)	30.1	36.0
	III	0 (0)	-	-
	IV	3 (2.3)	0	16.0
PNI	-	75 (58.6)	55.8	105.0	0.022
	+	53 (41.4)	17.5	38.0
LVI	-	103 (80.5)	52.3	63.0	0.000
	+	25 (19.5)	6.7	23.0
Resection margin	R0	102 (76.7)	49.0	59.0	0.000
	R1	24 (18.0)	21.0	31.0
	R2	7 (5.3)	0	12.0
Differentiation	Papillary	4 (3.2)	66.7	105.0	0.409
	W/D	40 (32.5)	48.8	59.0
	M/D	66 (53.7)	36.7	36.0
	P/D	13 (10.6)	56.1	63.0

PD: Pancreatoduodenectomy; BDR: Segmental bile duct resection; W/D: Well differentiated; M/D: Moderately differentiated; P/D: Poorly differentiated; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion; PNI: Perineural invasion.

Table 2 Multivariate analysis of survival according to the clinicopathological factors of patients who underwent surgical resection (R0, R1 and R2) for middle and distal extrahepatic bile duct cancers

Variable		Hazard ratio	95%CI	P value
AJCC stage	0, I	1		0.023
	II	4.572	1.473-14.183
	III	-	-
	IV	11.185	1.061-117.922
LVI	-	1		0.002
	+	2.942	1.510-5.733

LVI: Lymphovascular invasion.