Bacterial infection after liver transplantation

Table 1 Risk factors for bacterial infection in liver transplant recipients

1990s	2000s
Pre-transplantation plasma creatinine value greater than 1.58 mg/dL	Long-term renal replace therapy (> 30 d)
Prolonged surgical time more than 12 h increased number of abdominal operations	Increased serum ferritin levelEarly Portal vein thrombosis Age older than 45 yr Preoperative hyponatremia ICU satay longer than 9 d Postoperative bile leakage Severe hyperglycemiaLate Recurrent hepatitis C Age Female gender Anti-hepatitis C virus positive serostatus Chronic allograft dysfunction Early CMV disease Early bacterial infection
Use of Roux-en-Y choledocho- jejunostomy
Acute rejection
CMV infection
Prolonged hospitalization
Increased operative transfusion requirement
Retransplantation
Elevated bilirubin levels

ICU: Intensive care unit; CMV: Cytomegalovirus.