Laparoscopic splenectomy for hypersplenism secondary to liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension

Table 1 Outcomes for selected studies of laparoscopic splenectomy in portal hypertension

Ref.	n	Operative time (min)	Blood loss (mL)	Conversion	Major complications	Hospital stay (d)	Additional procedures
Hashizume et al[29], 2002	73	210.1 ± 101.9	374.7 ± 352.4	7	0	31 ± 25.5	Devascularization (15)
Kercher et al[19], 2004	11	189 (79-245)	141 (10-60)	HALS (4)	0	2.6 (1-6)	0
Watanabe et al[20], 2007	25	173 ± 53	359 ± 280	HALS (4)	0	NR	0
Hama et al[3], 2008	17	171 ± 68	248 ± 312	HALS (3)	Bleeding requiring re-surgery (2)	10.0 ± 4.0	0
Zhu et al[2], 2009	81	174 ± 42	150.6 ± 135.4	5	0	8.2 ± 2.0	0
Akahoshi et al[5], 2010	21	237.7 ± 43.5	138.2 ± 190.6	HALS (2)	0	12.6 ± 7.3	0
Cai et al[23], 2011	24	224 ± 44	162 ± 126	1	Bleeding requiring re-surgery (1)	7.5 ± 1.7	Devascularization (5)
Ando et al[48], 2012	10	224 ± 56	342 ± 513	0	0	14.6 ± 3.5	0
Wang et al[24], 2013	40	150 ± 30	150 ± 110	2	Postoperative bleeding (2)	6.1 ± 2.2	0

LS: Laparoscopic splenectomy; HALS: Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy; NR: Not reported.

Table 2 Outcomes for selected studies of laparoscopic splenectomy and devascularization

Ref.	n	Operative time (min)	Blood loss (mL)	Conversion	Major complications	Hospital stay (d)
Hashizume et al[17], 1998	10	287.5 ± 66.0	515.5 ± 507.9	1	0	12.7 ± 4.9
Wang et al[21], 2008	25	246 (180-330)	100-400	1	0	9 (6-15)
Li et al[46], 2009	6	214 ± 18	135 ± 48	0	0	NR
Zheng et al[22], 2009	7	180	100	0	Gastric perforation (1)	12
Jiang et al[37], 2013	10	288.0 ± 53.9	240.0 ± 217.1	0	0	11.3 ± 3.2
Cheng et al[38], 2013	80	254.4 ± 65.2	191.2 ± 163.2	9 (11.3%)	IH (2), EVR (2)	10.1 ± 2.5

LS: Laparoscopic splenectomy; NR: Not reported; IH: Intra-abdominal hemorrhage; EVR: Esophagogastric variceal rebleeding.

Table 3 Outcomes for selected studies of hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy in portal hypertension

Ref.	n	Operative time (min)	Blood loss (mL)	Conversion	Major complications or mortality	Hospital stay(d)	Additional procedures
Yamamoto et al[42], 2006	7	184.3 ± 54.9	166.4 ± 152.7	0	Mortality (1)	NR	Devascularization (7)
Uehara et al[49], 2009	5	237 ± 12	229 ± 100	0	Paralytic ileus (1)	16.7 ± 2.5	0
Wang et al[44], 2012	19	124 ± 42	92 ± 65	0	0	7.2 ± 2.8	0
Ando et al[48], 2012	6	341 ± 94	531 ± 390	0	Massive ascites (1)	19.8 ± 8.7	Devascularization (6)
Kakinoki et al[43], 2013	28	227 ± 100	236 ± 246	1	Bleeding requiring re-operation (1)	NR	Hepatectomy (4), Cholecystectomy (4), RFA (1), Devascularization (5)

HALS: Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy; NR: Not reported; RFA: Radio frequency ablation.