New serological markers in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Diagnostic value of the new serologic markers in children with inflammatory bowel disease

Marker	Sensitivity		Specificity	PPV	NPV	Ref.
	CD	UC	CD vs UC
Anti-Omp	11%-34%	5%-25%	75%-95%	57.9%-69%	51.6%-53.3%	[8,24,25]
Anti-CBir	52%-56%	ND	ND	ND	ND	[10,13,26]
Anti-I2	44.4%-50%	41.7%-42%	58%-58.3%	51.6%-54.3%	51.1%-53.7%	[27,28]
gASCA	60.7%-62.7%	11.1%-14.6%	85.4%-88.9%	87.1%-92.5%	52.2%-55.9%	[301,31]
ACCA	8.7%-22%	3%-18.5%	81.5%-97%	72.2%-83.3%	32.4%-38.2%	[301,31]
ALCA	19.7%-30.5%	7.6%-14.8%	85.2%-92.4%	81.8%-81.6%	35.9%-40.1%	[301,31]
AMCA	12.2%-16.9%	7.6%-14.8%	85.2%-96.7%	71.4%-86.3%	31.9%-39.06%	[301,31]
Anti-L	18%-22%	3.3%-14.8%	85.2%-96.7%	76.5%-90.3%	33.3%-40.07%	[301,31]
Anti-C	10.2%-22%	2.3%-14.8%	85.2%-97.7%	76.5%-83.3%	33.3%-38.8%	[301,31]
PAB	34%-38.5%	20.4%-20.6%	79.4%-79.6%	62.5%-65.1%	54.7%-56.5%	[44,451]
Anti-GP2	30.2%	8.8%	91.2%	77.4%	56.7%	[45]1
GAB	12.2%	1.9%	98.1%2	86.5%2	52.7%2	[44]

¹Mixed pediatric and adult cohort;

²Ulcerative colitis (UC) vs Crohn’s disease (CD). ND: No data available; Anti-OmpC: Antibodies against outer membrane porin C of Escherichia coli; Anti-CBir1: Antibodies against bacterial flagellin CBir1; Anti-I2: Antibodies against the Pseudomonas-associated sequence; ASCA: Antibodies against Saccharomyces cerevisiae; AMCA: Anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies; ALCA: Anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibodies; ACCA: Anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies; Anti-L: Anti-laminarin carbohydrate antibodies; Anti-C: Anti-chitin carbohydrate antibodies; PAB: Pancreatic antibodies; Anti-GP2: Antibodies against glycoprotein 2; GAB: Antibodies against intestinal goblet cells; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.

Table 2 Diagnostic accuracy of the combined novel antibodies with conventional serological markers in children with inflammatory bowel disease[44,45]

	Marker	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	Ref.
CD vs controls	ASCA	35.5%-72.8%	95.2%-96.5%	91%-93.8%	59.9%-77.8%	[44,451]
	PAB	34.0%-43.8%	100%	100%	60.2%	[44,451]
	Anti-GP2	30.2%	96%	88.3%	57.9%	[45]
	pANCA	33.0%	94.2%	85.1%	58.4%	[44]
	GAB	1.9%	98.1%	50.0%	50.0%	[44]
	PAB and/or ASCA	79.6%	95.2%	94.3%	82.3%	[44]
	Anti-GP2 and/or ASCA	50.9%	92.9%	87.8%	65.4%	[45]
	PAB and/or ASCA and/or pANCA	87.4%	89.3%	89.1%	87.6%	[44]
	PAB and /or ASCA/ pANCA-	53.4%	95.2%	91.8%	67.1%	[44]
	ASCA+/pANCA-	51.5%	95.2%	91.5%	66.2%	[44]
UC vs controls	pANCA	77.5%	94.2%	93.0%	80.9%	[44]
	GAB	12.2%	98.1%	86.5%	52.8%	[44]
	PAB	20.4%-23.5%	100%	100%	55.6%	[44,451]
	Anti-GP2	8.8%	96%	68.8%	51.3%	[45]1
	ASCA	6.9%-26.5%	95.2%-96.5%	66.3%-84.7%	50.9%-56.4%	[44,451]
	ASCA2	16.3%	95.2%	77.3%	53.2%	[44]
	PAB and/or pANCA	79.6%	94.2%	93.2%	82.2%	[44]
	PAB and/or pANCA and/or GAB	79.6%	94.2%	93.2%	82.2%	[44]
	Anti GP2 and/or ASCA	14.7%	92.9%	67.4%	52.1%	[45]
	GAB+/pANCA+	12.2%	98.1%	86.5%	52.8%	[44]
	PAB+/pANCA+	18.4%	100%	100%	55.1%	[44]
	rPAB+/pANCA+	22.4%	100%	100%	56.3%	[44]
	GAB+/PAB+/pANCA+	4.1%	100%	100%	51.0%	[44]

¹Mixed pediatric and adult cohort;

²Diagnostic value of antibodies against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) antibodies in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients without primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). PAB: Pancreatic antibodies; Anti-GP2: Antibodies against glycoprotein 2; pANCA: Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; GAB: Antibodies against intestinal goblet cells; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; CD: Crohn’s disease; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.

Table 3 Association of the new serologic markers with phenotype in pediatric Crohn’s disease

Marker	CD phenotype	Ref.
Anti-OmpC Anti-CBir1 Anti-I2 ASCA	Complicated disease behavior CD-related surgery	[10,26]
gASCA	Early disease onset	[301,31]
	Ileal disease location
	Complicated disease behavior Perianal disease
	CD-related surgery
ACCA	Complicated disease behavior CD-related surgery	[30]1
ALCA	Ileal disease location	[301,31]
	Complicated disease behavior CD-related surgery
AMCA	Complicated disease behavior perianal disease	[301,31]
Anti-L	Ileal disease location	[301,31]
	Complicated disease behavior Perianal disease
	CD-related surgery
Anti-C	Complicated disease behavior Perianal disease	[30]1
	CD-related surgery
Anti-GP2 with ASCA	Early disease onset	[45]1
	Ileal location
	Complicated behavior
	Perianal disease

¹Mixed pediatric and adult cohort. Anti-OmpC: Antibodies against outer membrane porin C of Escherichia coli; Anti-CBir1: Antibodies against bacterial flagellin CBir1; Anti-I2: Antibodies against the Pseudomonas-associated sequence; ASCA: Antibodies against Saccharomyces cerevisiae; AMCA: Anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies; ALCA: Anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibodies; ACCA: Anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies; Anti-L: Anti-laminarin carbohydrate antibodies; Anti-C: Anti-chitin carbohydrate antibodies; Anti-GP2: Antibodies against glycoprotein 2.