MicroRNAs in colorectal cancer as markers and targets: Recent advances

Table 1 Colorectal cancer-associated microRNAs with identified targets

MiR (family)	Role/potential	Identified targets	Ref.
9	ON	E-cadherin	[36,81,82]
16	TS	COX-2, cyclin D1, survivin, CDK6	[84-86]
17	ON	RND3, P130	[18,42-45]
21	ON	PDCD4, RhoB, TGFBR2	[10-30]
22	TS	p21	[90-93]
31	ON	RASA1	[14,17,35-38]
33a	TS	Pim-1	[67]
34 family	TS	Axin2	[33,70,101-103]
92a	ON	BIM	[14,26,39,40-43]
95	ON	Nexin 1	[106]
139	TS	RAP1B, IGFR-1	[37,121,122]
143	TS	HK2, MACC1	[28,37,53,59-65]
145 family	TS	PAK4, NRAS, IRS1	[14,28,53,60,64,66-68]
148 family	TS	Bcl-2, CCK-2 receptor	[69-72]
155	ON	Claudin-1	[30-33]
215	TS	DTL	[20,55,73-75]
320a	TS	Neuropilin 1, β-catenin	[147,148]
339-5p	TS	PRL-1	[151]
342	TS	DNMT1	[152]
365	TS	Cyclin D1, Bcl-2	[155]
373	TS	RAB22A	[157]
499-5p	ON	FOXO4, PDCD4	[162]
506	ON	PPARα	[164]
1915	TS	Bcl-2	[170]
Let-7 family	TS	MMP11, PBX3	[24,38,52-57]

TS: Tumor suppressor; ON: Oncogene; COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2; CDK6: Cyclin-dependent kinase 6; RND3: Rho family GTPase 3; PDCD4: Programmed cell death 4; TGFBR2: Transforming growth factor beta receptor 2; RASA1: RAS p21 protein activator 1; BIM: Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death; RAP1B: RAS related protein 1b; IGFR-1: Insulin-like growth factor receptor-1; HK2: Hexokinase 2; MACC1: Metastasis associated in colon cancer 1; PAK4: p21 protein-activated kinase 4; NRAS: Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog; IRS1: Insulin receptor substrate 1; CCK-2: Cholecystokinin-2; DTL: Denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog; PRL-1: Phosphatases of regenerating liver-1; DNMT1: DNA methyltransferase 1; FOXO4: Forkhead box O4; PDCD4: Programmed cell death 4; PPARα: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; Bcl-2: B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2; MMP11: Matrix metallopeptidase 11; PBX3: Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 3.

Table 2 Colorectal cancer-associated microRNAs without identified target

MiR (family)	Role/potential	Ref.
1	TS	[76-78]
7	TS	[79,80]
10b	Marker, +, chemo	[83]
15a	TS	[84]
18a	ON	[87,88]
19 family	Marker, +, chemo	[18,53,89]
23a	ON	[94,95]
27b	TS	[96]
29 family	Marker, +	[55,87,97,98]
30a-5p	TS	[99]
32	ON	[100]
93	TS	[79,104,105]
96	Marker, +	[17]
101	TS	[14,107,108]
103/107	ON	[109]
106 family	ON	[14,42,46,47]
122	ON	[110]
124	TS	[111-113]
125 family	TS	[114]
126	Marker, +	[115]
127-3p	Marker, +	[40]
129	TS	[116]
130a/301a/454	ON	[117]
133 family	Marker, -	[78,118]
135 family	ON	[17,20,24,48,49]
137	TS	[112,119,120]
140	Marker, +	[38,123]
141	Circ, Marker, +	[124]
144	Marker, -	[125,126]
146a	SNP	[127,128]
149	Marker, -	[129]
150	Marker, -	[130]
181a	ON	[131]
182	Marker, +	[36,132]
185	Marker, +	[118]
186, 216b, 337-3p	TS	[133]
190b	Marker, +, chemo	[55]
192	Marker, -	[74]
193a-3p, 338-5p	Circ, Marker, +	[94]
194	Marker	[53,74]
19, 512, 801, 246	Marker, +	[123]
196a2	SNP	[134-138]
199a-5p	TS	[139]
206	Marker, +	[24]
211	ON	[140]
212	TS	[141]
218	TS	[142]
221*, 224	TS	[143]
222	TS	[144]
223	TS	[145]
297	TS	[146]
328	TS	[149]
330	TS	[150]
340	TS	[112]
345	TS	[153]
362-3p	TS	[154]
367	SNP	[156]
372	Marker, +	[21]
375, 422a	TS	[20]
378	Marker, -	[20,40]
409-3p	Cirl, Marker, +	[79]
424*	TS	[65]
429	ON	[158]
450 family, 99a*	Marker, -, chemo	[55]
451	TS	[159]
486-3p	Marker, +	[40]
493, 493*	TS	[160]
497	TS	[161]
502	TS	[163]
574-5p	ON	[165]
592	Marker, +	[38]
601	Marker, +	[166]
608	SNP	[167]
625-3p	Marker, +, chemo	[168]
627	TS	[169]
638	Marker, -	[53]
760	Marker, +	[133, 66]
1224-5p	Marker, -	[38]
1275	Marker, -	[53]

TS: Tumor suppressor; ON: Oncogene; Marker, +: Up-regulated marker; Marker, -: Down-regulated marker; Chemo: Chemosensitivity-associated; SNP: Single nucleotide polymorphism-associated.