Short and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic colectomy in obese patients

Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of the two groups n (%)

Variable	LPS (n= 98)	Open (n= 98)	P value
Age (yr)	66.9 ± 12.2	68.7 ± 15	0.31
Male/female	52/46	47/51	0.34
ASA score	2.3 ± 0.7	2.4 ± 0.9	0.57
BMI (kg/m2)	31.9 ± 2.1	32.3 ± 2.5	0.13
Cancer/benign/disease	85/13	79/19	0.34
Previous surgery (%)1	8 (8.1)	10 (10.2)	0.30
Type of operation
Right colectomy	57	57
Left colectomy	41	41
Tumour stage	n = 85	n = 79	0.77
Stage 0	13 (15.2)	9 (11.3)
Stage 1	14 (16.5)	13 (16.3)
Stage 2	29 (34.2)	32 (40.6)
Stage 3	25 (29.4)	20 (25.4)
Stage 4	4 (4.7)	5 (6.4)

¹Only abdominal surgeries were included; Values are reported as mean ± SD or n (%). BMI: Body mass index; LPS: Laparoscopic; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Comparison of co-morbidities, variables, complications (30 d morbidity) and Long-term complications between the two groups in study n (%)

		LPS (n= 98)	Open (n= 98)	P value
Co-morbidities	Diabetes	14	11	0.66
	Coronary artery disease1	13	15	0.84
	Hypertension	43	52	0.25
	Smoker	10	14	0.51
	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	5	3	0.72
	Steroid use	2	3	0.91
Variable	Operative time (min)	193 (71)	164 (111)	0.03
	Blood loss (mL)	177 (76)	255 (102)	0.0001
	No of transfused patients	11 (11.2)	16 (16.3)	0.33
	Conversion rate	13 (13.3)	NA
Complications (30 d morbidity)	Overall	27 (27.6)	33 (33.7)	0.4
	Infectious2	13 (13.7 )	21 (21.7)	0.13
	Noninfectious2	9 (9.2)	10 (10.2)	0.8
	Anastomotic leak2	7 (7.1)	5 (5.1)	0.78
	Readmission	7 (7.1)	11 (11.2)	0.56
	Reoperation	8 (8.1)	9 (9.2)	0.8
	Length of stay	8 (3.1)	10.4 (4.9)	0.03
	Mortality	1 (1.02)	0 (0.0)	0.9
Long-term complications	Incisional hernia	17	31	0.03
	Intestinal obstruction	5	6	0.48
	Anastomotic stricture	4	4	0.86
	Overall	23	38	0.03

¹Including: History of angina, percutaneous cardiac intervention, cardiac operation, or myocardial infarction within 6 mo of operation;

²Number of single type of complication do not add up to the number of overall complication within the two groups because of the possible occurrence of more than one type of complication in some patients; all values within parenthesis indicate percentage values. LPS: Laparoscopic.

Table 3 Postoperative complications in details n (%)

	LPS (n= 98)	Open (n= 98)
Infectious complications
Wound complications1
Wound infections	8 (8.2)	15 (15.4)
Wound disruption	-	2 (2.04)
Abdominal abscess	1 (1.06)	2 (2.04)
Pneumonia	2 (2.04)	3 (3.1)
Urinary tract	2 (2.04)	1 (1.06)
Non-infectious complications
Cardiologic	2 (2.04)	3 (3.1)
Ileus	3 (3.1)	3 (3.1)
Intestinal obstruction	3 (3.1)	4 (4.1)
Bleeding	1 (1.01)	-

¹Laparoscopic (LPS) vs open, P = 0.09.

Table 4 Outcomes of laparoscopically completed, converted and open cases

Variable	LPS completed (n= 85)	Converted (n= 13)	Open (n= 98)	P value
Operative time (min)	175 (61)	210 (86)	164 (111)	0.071
				0.082
Morbidity rate	22.8%	32.4%	33.7%	0.551
				0.912
Length of stay (d)	7.2 (2.5)	9.6 (3.2)	10.4 (4.9)	0.0021
				0.522

¹Laparoscopic (LPS) completed vs converted;

²Converted vs open. Values are expressed as mean (SD) or percentages.