Case-matched comparison of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer

Table 1 Perioperative characteristics of patients undergoing gastrectomy

Characteristics	LADG (n = 54)	ODG (n = 54)	P value
Age (yr)	58.2 ± 11.9	58.4 ± 11.6	0.93
Gender (M/F)	40/14	40/14	1.00
BMI index (kg/m2)	22.6 ± 3.2	21.6 ± 3.9	0.15
Complication (Yes/No)	16/38	18/36	0.42
ASA (I/II)	24/30	24/30	1.00
Tumor size (cm)	3.7 ± 1.9	3.5 ± 1.5	0.17
Histology (well/moderate/low/signet ring)	19/10/14/11	19/10/14/11	1.00
Lymph node metastasis (+/-)	27/27	25/29	0.85
TNM stage (IA/IB/II/IIIA/IIIB)	22/8/9/10/15	22/8/9/10/15	1.00

ODG: Open distal gastrectomy; LADG: Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status score; M: Male; F: Female.

Table 2 Comparison

Variables	LADG (n = 54)	ODG (n = 54)	P value
Surgical indices
Operative time (min)	259.3 ± 46.2	199.8 ± 40.8	< 0.01
Blood loss (mL)	160.2 ± 85.9	257.8 ± 151.0	< 0.01
Intraoperative blood infusion (yes/no)	1/53	13/41	< 0.01
Number of retrieved lymph nodes	27.9 ± 7.8	27.7 ± 10.1	0.94
Distance of the proximal margin (cm)	3.6 ± 1.9	4.4 ± 2.1	0.27
Distance of the distal margin (cm)	4.3 ± 2.1	4.8 ± 2.3	0.30
Postoperative recovery
First flatus (d)	3.9 ± 1.4	4.4 ± 1.5	0.03
Initiate fluid intake (d)	4.6 ± 1.2	5.6 ± 2.1	< 0.01
Initiate semifluid intake (d)	6.0 ± 1.7	7.4 ± 2.4	< 0.01
Hospital stay (d)	9.5 ± 2.7	11.1 ± 4.1	0.02

ODG: Open distal gastrectomy; LADG: Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy.

Table 3 Comparison of postoperative complications and mortality rate n (%)

Variables	LADG	ODG	P value
Overall	7 (13.0)	16 (24.1)	0.03
Anastomotic leakage	0	1
Anastomotic stenosis	0	0
Intra-abdominal bleeding	0	2
Abdominal cavity effusion complicating infection	3	4
Pulmonary infection	2	3
Gastric emptying disorder	1	2
Chylous fistula	1	2
Wound infection	0	2
Reoperation	0 (0.0)	3 (5.6)	0.24
Mortality	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1.00

ODG: Open distal gastrectomy; LADG: Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy.