Polysomnographic sleep aspects in liver cirrhosis: A case control study

Table 1 General characteristics of the two groups evaluated n (%) or mean ± SD

Variables	Control group (n = 42)	Cirrhotic group (n = 42)	P value
Age (yr)	48.4 ± 8.3	50.0 ± 8.5	0.32
Males	29 (69.0)	33 (78.5)	0.70
BMI (kg/m2)	25.3 ± 3.4	26.3 ± 4.4	0.40
LC etiology
Alcohol	-	15 (38)	-
HCV	-	12 (30)	-
Alcohol + HCV	-	8 (20)	-
HBV	-	2 (4)	-
Alcohol + HBV	-	1 (2)	-
Cryptogenic	-	4 (6)	-
Child-Pugh
Child A	-	16 (38)	-
Child B	-	17 (40)	-
Child C	-	9 (22)	-

BMI: Body mass index; LC: Liver cirrhosis; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.

Table 2 Polysomnographic parameters of the two groups evaluated (mean ± SD)

Variables	Control group (n = 42)	Cirrhotic group (n = 42)	P value
TRT (min)	421.98 ± 38.20	445.65 ± 50.64	0.07
TST (min)	357.18 ± 53.42	329.67 ± 76.62	< 0.05
Wake (min)	51.86 ± 29.91	115.05 ± 67.92	< 0.01
SE	84.43% ± 8.55%	73.89% ± 14.99%	< 0.01
Sleep Lat (min)	13.39 ± 14.40	28.41 ± 29.28	< 0.01
REM Lat (min)	90.62 ± 54.74	151.27 ± 93.24	< 0.01
S1	5.14% ± 3.26%	5.90% ± 3.12%	0.77
S2	57.00% ± 8.73%	61.72% ± 7.38%	0.29
S3 + 4	17.31% ± 7.00%	18.32% ± 6.64%	0.73
REM	20.71% ± 6.77%	14.04% ± 5.64%	< 0.05
AHI	7.33 ± 1.01	5.16 ± 0.80	0.09
PLMS/h	2.79 ± 0.61	10.56 ± 2.85	< 0.01
Arousals/h	15.88 ± 5.46	11.78 ± 7.06	< 0.01
Mean SpO2	94.80% ± 1.62%	94.38% ± 2.05%	0.06
Nadir SpO2	87.45% ± 5.24%	85.87% ± 8.98%	< 0.05

TRT: Total recording time; TST: Total sleep time; Wake: Minutes awake after sleep onset; SE: Sleep efficiency; Sleep Lat: Latency to sleep onset; REM: Rapid eye movement; REM Lat: REM sleep latency; S1: Stage 1; S2: Stage 2; S3: Stage 3; S3 + 4: Stages 3 and 4; AHI: Apnea-hypopnea index; PLMS/h: Number of periodic limbs movements of sleep per hour; Arousals/h: Number of arousals per hour of sleep; Mean SpO₂: Mean oxy-hemoglobin saturation; Nadir SpO₂: Minimal oxy-hemoglobin saturation.