Prognostic and survival analysis of 837 Chinese colorectal cancer patients

Table 1 Basic data for patients with colorectal cancer n (%)

Basic data	Colon cancer (n = 437)	Rectal cancer (n = 394)
Sex
Male	245 (56.1)	245 (62.2)
Female	192 (43.9)	149 (37.8)
Age at operation1 (yr)	60.9 ± 13.1	58.3 ± 12.7
Dukes’ staging
A	38 (8.7)	81 (20.6)
B	181 (41.4)	117 (29.7)
C	166 (38.0)	172 (43.7)
D	49 (11.2)	23 (5.8)
Status of resection
Curative	356 (81.5)	349 (88.6)
Palliative	62 (14.2)	33 (8.4)
Undefined	19 (4.3)	12 (3.0)
Tumor size
≥ 5 cm	154 (35.2)	64 (16.2)
< 5 cm	247 (56.5)	263 (66.8)
Undefined	36 (8.2)	67 (17.1)
Histological differentiation grade
Well	93 (21.3)	118 (29.9)
Moderate	184 (42.1)	180 (45.7)
Poor	108 (24.7)	61 (15.5)
Undefined	52 (11.9)	35 (8.9)
Lymphovascular invasion
Positive	14 (3.2)	10 (2.5)
Negative	423 (96.8)	384 (97.5)
Perineural invasion
Positive	11 (2.5)	3 (0.8)
Negative	423 (96.8)	391 (99.2)
Invasion of adjacent organs
Positive	37 (8.5)	15 (3.8)
Negative	396 (90.6)	379 (96.2)
Undefined	4 (0.9)	0 (0.0)

¹Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Six cases of double primary colon and rectal cancer were not included.

Table 2 Univariate analysis of the prognostic factors for patients with colorectal cancer

	n	3-YSR	5-YSR	P value1
Age group (yr)				0.002
Age1 ( ≤ 35)	29	65%	65%
Age2 (36–59)	370	73%	66%
Age3 (60–74)	334	78%	74%
Age4 (≥ 75)	104	61%	53%
Sex				0.834
Male	495	73%	67%
Female	342	74%	69%
Family history of CRC				0.391
Negative	812	73%	68%
Positive	25	91%	82%
Obstruction				0.000
Negative	790	76%	70%
Positive	45	39%	35%
Perforation				0.629
Negative	824	74%	68%
Positive	11	68%	68%
Bleeding				0.116
Negative	289	69%	66%
Positive	546	76%	69%
Diarrhea				0.421
Negative	750	75%	68%
Positive	85	65%	63%
Constipation				0.415
Negative	776	74%	68%
Positive	59	72%	66%
Habits changes				0.547
Negative	531	74%	69%
Positive	304	73%	66%
Serum CEA level				0.042
≤ 5 ng/mL	661	74%	69%
> 5 ng/mL	172	71%	62%
Status of resection				0.000
Curative	711	80%	74%
Palliative	95	29%	22%
Tumor location				0.705
Colon cancer	437	73%	69%
Rectal cancer	394	74%	66%
Double primary of colon and rectal cancer	6	75%	75%
Tumor size				0.004
< 5 cm	516	77%	71%
≥ 5 cm	218	67%	62%
Histological differentiation grade				0.001
Well	212	78%	71%
Moderate	366	73%	65%
Poor	170	62%	60%
Pathological types				0.036
Non-mucous cell carcinoma	663	76%	70%
Mucous cell carcinoma	141	63%	59%
Lymphovascular invasion				0.000
Negative	813	75%	69%
Positive	24	44%	36%
Perineural invasion				0.057
Negative	820	74%	68%
Positive	14	42%	42%
Invasion of adjacent organs				0.000
Negative	781	75%	70%
Positive	52	43%	33%

¹P values were made by log-rank test. 3-YSR: 3-year accumulative survival rate; 5-YSR: 5-year accumulative survival rate; CEA: Carcino-embryonic antigen; CRC: Colorectal cancer.

Table 3 Univariate analysis of tumor node metastasis staging system for patients with colorectal cancer

	6th edition of TNM staging system					7th edition of TNM staging system
	n	3-YSR	5-YSR	P value		n	3-YSR	5-YSR	P value
pT				0.000	pT				0.000
T1	35	100%	100%		T1	35	100%	100%
T2	128	87%	86%		T2	128	87%	86%
T3	324	73%	66%		T3	324	73%	66%
T4	345	66%	59%		T4a	303	69%	62%
					T4b	42	45%	33%
Undefined	5	78%	78%		Undefined	5	78%	78%
pN				0.000	pN				0.000
N0	445	86%	80%		N0	444	86%	80%
N1	224	68%	61%		N1a	103	71%	63%
N2	168	48%	43%		N1b	120	66%	61%
					N1c	2	50%	/
					N2a	82	54%	43%
					N2b	86	42%	42%
pM				0.000	pM				0.000
M0	765	78%	73%		M0	765	78%	73%
M1	72	28%	18%		M1a	49	29%	19%
					M1b	23	26%	17%
Stage				0.000	Stage				0.000
I	121	93%	93%		I	121	93%	93%
IIA	173	88%	81%		IIA	173	88%	81%
IIB	125	85%	75%		IIB	121	85%	75%
IIIA	33	87%	87%		IIC	5	100%	100%
IIIB	168	68%	61%		IIIA	33	91%	91%
IIIC	141	53%	48%		IIIB	199	69%	61%
IV	72	28%	18%		IIIC	109	47%	44%
					IVA	49	29%	19%
					IVB	23	26%	17%
Undefined	4	100%	100%		Undefined	4	100%	100%

3-YSR: 3-year accumulative survival rate; 5-YSR: 5-year accumulative survival rate; TNM: Tumor node metastasis.

Table 4 Multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazard model) of prognostic factors

	P value	RR	95%CI
Without interplay tumor node metastasis staging system
Age group	0.060	1.193	0.993-1.434
Obstruction	0.241	1.011	0.993-1.030
Tumor size	0.257	1.002	0.998-1.006
Serum CEA level	0.690	0.996	0.978-1.015
Status of resection	0.082	1.005	0.999-1.012
Histological grade	0.007	0.991	0.984-0.998
Pathological types	0.817	0.999	0.992-1.006
Depth of bowel wall invasion	0.000	1.047	1.028-1.067
Lymphovascular invasion	0.695	0.974	0.854-1.111
Invasion of adjacent organs	0.942	0.998	0.949-1.050
Number of metastatic lymph nodes	0.000	1.093	1.073-1.114
With interplay 6th tumor node metastasis staging system
Age group	0.054	1.194	0.997-1.430
Obstruction	0.386	1.008	0.990-1.028
Tumor size	0.259	1.002	0.998-1.006
Serum CEA level	0.789	0.997	0.979-1.017
Status of resection	0.136	1.005	0.999-1.011
Histological grade	0.114	0.995	0.988-1.001
Pathological types	0.290	0.996	0.989-1.003
Depth of bowel wall invasion	0.014	1.028	1.006-1.050
Lymphovascular invasion	0.758	0.981	0.869-1.108
Invasion of adjacent organs	0.840	0.994	0.935-1.056
Number of metastatic lymph nodes	0.006	1.037	1.010-1.065
6th TNM staging	0.000	1.471	1.344-1.610
With interplay of 7th tumor node metastasis staging system
Age group	0.094	1.168	0.974-1.400
Obstruction	0.434	1.008	0.989-1.027
Tumor size	0.289	1.002	0.998-1.006
Serum CEA level	0.768	0.997	0.978-1.016
Status of resection	0.184	1.004	0.998-1.010
Histological grade	0.109	0.995	0.988-1.001
Pathological types	0.283	0.996	0.989-1.003
Depth of bowel wall invasion	0.023	1.025	1.003-1.048
Lymphovascular invasion	0.779	0.983	0.873-1.107
Invasion of adjacent organs	0.802	0.992	0.930-1.058
Number of metastatic lymph nodes	0.002	1.041	1.015-1.069
7th TNM staging	0.000	1.354	1.261-1.454

RR: Relative risk; CEA: Carcino-embryonic antigen; TNM: Tumor node metastasis.