Endoscopic papillary balloon intermittent dilatation and endoscopic sphincterotomy for bile duct stones

Table 1 Comparison of characteristics of the two groups of patients

Group	EPBID	EST	P value
Male/female	52/51	45/58	0.33
Age (yr)	61.83 ± 17.36	60.48 ± 14.69	0.55
Common bile duct diameter (mm)	12.74 ± 2.79	12.55 ± 3.05	0.65
Transverse diameter of stone (mm)	8.38 ± 2.67	7.71 ± 2.35	0.06
No. of stones	2.17 ± 1.43	1.89 ± 1.37	0.15

EPBID: Endoscopic papillary balloon intermittent dilatation; EST: Endoscopic sphincterotomy.

Table 2 Comparison of success rate and stone removal time between the two stone removal methods

Group	EPBID	EST	P value
Success rate of stone removal	94/103	75/103	0.00
Transverse diameter of stone < 10 mm	53/54	55/71	0.00
Transverse diameter of stone ≥ 10 mm	41/49	20/32	0.03
Operation time (min)	9.86 ± 5.21	9.03 ± 4.92	0.29

EPBID: Endoscopic papillary balloon intermittent dilatation; EST: Endoscopic sphincterotomy.

Table 3 Comparison of postoperative complications

Group	EPBID	EST	P value
Pancreatitis	3/88	11/88	0.03
Transverse diameter of stone < 10 mm	0/43	7/61	0.04
Transverse diameter of stone ≥ 10 mm	3/45	4/27	0.41
Bleeding	0/103	3/103	0.25

EPBID: Endoscopic papillary balloon intermittent dilatation; EST: Endoscopic sphincterotomy.

Table 4 Clinical factors and success rate of stone removal

Factor	Sample size	Success	Sample size	Failure	OR	P value
Age (yr)	169	60.30 ± 16.62	37	64.60 ± 12.81	1.31	0.14
Sex					1.59	0.21
Male	83	49.11%	14	37.84%
Female	86	50.89%	23	62.16%
Papilla diverticulum					2.25	0.03
Yes	36	21.30%	14	37.84%
No	133	78.70%	23	62.16%
Papilla pre-cut					0.91	0.93
No	164	97.04%	36	97.30%
Yes	5	2.96%	1	2.70%
Performance of pancreatography					0.50	0.18
Yes	15	8.88%	6	16.22%
No	154	91.12%	31	83.78%
Stone removal method					3.90	0.00
EPBD	94	55.62%	9	24.32%
EST	75	44.38%	28	75.68%
Common bile duct diameter	169	12.38 ± 2.49	37	13.86 ± 4.21	3.26	0.00
Common bile duct stone number	169	2.02 ± 1.43	37	2.08 ± 1.32	1.65	0.82
Maximum transverse diameter of stone	169	7.81 ± 2.53	37	9.11 ± 2.28	2.08	0.00

EPBID: Endoscopic papillary balloon intermittent dilatation; EST: Endoscopic sphincterotomy; OR: Odds ratio.

Table 5 Multiple regression model to predict the success rate of stone removal

Factors	β	SE	P value	OR	95%CI
Stone removal method	1.68	0.44	0.00	5.35	2.24-12.77
Whether there is diverticulum	0.85	0.42	0.04	2.35	1.03-5.37
Stone transverse diameter	0.97	0.40	0.02	2.63	1.19-5.80
Constant term	-3.22	0.48	0.00

OR: Odds ratio.

Table 6 Clinical factors and incidence of postoperative pancreatitis

Factor	Sample size	No pancreatitis	Sample size	Pancreatitis	OR	P value
Age	162	60.33 ± 16.17	14	64.29 ± 14.58	1.09	0.38
Sex					1.51	0.47
Male	74	45.68%	5	35.71%
Female	88	54.32%	9	64.29%
Papilla diverticulum					1.75	0.34
Yes	39	24.07%	5	35.71%
No	123	75.93%	9	64.29%
Papilla pre-cut					8.83	0.05
No	159	98.15%	12	85.71%
Yes	3	1.85%	2	14.29%
Performance of pancreatography					0.12	0.00
Yes	13	8.02%	6	42.86%
No	149	91.98%	8	57.14%
Stone removal method					4.05	0.03
EPBD	85	52.47%	3	21.43%
EST	77	47.53%	11	78.57%
Common bile duct diameter	162	12.64 ± 2.98	14	13.86 ± 2.98	2.53	0.15
Common bile duct stone number	162	2.09 ± 1.46	14	1.43 ± 0.85	0.46	0.10
Transverse diameter of stone	162	8.17 ± 2.45	14	8.29 ± 2.64	1.49	0.86

EPBID: Endoscopic papillary balloon intermittent dilatation; EST: Endoscopic sphincterotomy; OR: Odds ratio.

Table 7 Multiple regression model to predict the incidence of postoperative pancreatitis

Factor	β	SE	P value	OR	95%CI
Performance of pancreatography	-2.35	0.66	0.00	0.10	0.03-0.35
Stone removal method	1.61	0.71	0.02	5.00	1.23-20.28
Constant term	-1.66	0.69	0.02

OR: Odds ratio.