Atrophic gastritis: Risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a Latin-American population

Table 1 Clinical, lifestyle, and diagnostic characteristics between cases and controls n (%)

Characteristic	Category	Case	Control
Gender	Female	7 (14.3)	7 (14.3)
	Male	42 (85.7)	42 (85.7)
Age group (yr)	36-45	3 (6.1)	3 (6.1)
	46-55	14 (28.6)	14 (28.6)
	56-65	21 (42.9)	21 (42.9)
	66-75	8 (16.3)	8 (16.3)
	76-85	3 (6.1)	3 (6.1)
Alcohol	Never drinker	10 (20.4)	16 (32.7)
	Current drinker	39 (79.6)	16 (32.7)
	Former drinker	0 (0.0)	17 (34.7)
Tobacco	No	8 (16.3)	24 (49.0)
	Yes	41 (83.7)	25 (51.0)
Hot drinks	No	49 (100)	49 (100)
Tylosis	No	49 (100)	49 (100)
Achalasia	No	48 (98.0)	49 (100)
	Yes	1 (2.0)	0 (0.0)
Caustic esophagitis	No	49 (100)	49 (100)
Plummer-Vinson	No	49 (100)	49 (100)
Head and neck SCC	No	49 (100)	49 (100)
Endoscopic gastric atrophy	No	10 (20.4)	42 (85.7)
	Yes	39 (79.6)	7 (14.3)
Gastric atrophy	No	37 (75.5)	45 (91.8)
	Yes	12 (24.5)	4 (8.2)
Intestinal metaplasia	No	34 (69.4)	41 (83.7)
	Yes	15 (30.6)	8 (16.3)
Helicobacter pylori	No	25 (51.0)	22 (44.9)
	Yes	24 (49.0)	27 (55.1)
Low-grade dysplasia	No	47 (95.9)	49 (100)
	Yes	2 (4.1)	0 (0.0)
High-grade dysplasia	No	48 (98.0)	49 (100)
	Yes	1 (2.0)	0 (0.0)
Total		49 (100)	49 (100)

SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma.

Table 2 Univariate and multiple logistic regression for case-control study according to gastric atrophy, alcohol intake, and tobacco consumption

Variables	Univariate		Multiple
	OR unadjusted	P value	OR adjusted	P value
Gastric atrophy	5.332	0.008	3.76	0.063
Alcohol
Non-drinker	1		1
0-32 g ethanol/d	1.29	0.736	0.98	0.985
> 32 g ethanol/d	7.57	0.014	4.54	0.081
Tobacco
No smoker	1		1
51 pack/yr	14.55	0.011	7.85	0.058
> 51 pack/yr	21.40	0.006	11.57	0.040

OR: Odds ratio.