Double guidewire technique vs transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy in difficult biliary cannulation

Table 1 Baseline characteristics, procedures, successful cannulation rate, median cannulation time, and procedure-related complications of the double-guidewire technique and transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy groups

	DGT groupn = 34 (%)	TPS groupn = 37 (%)	P value
Age (yr)	67.0 (11.5)	63.7 (16.5)	0.326
Sex			0.478
Male	18 (52.9)	23 (62.2)
Female	16 (47.1)	14 (37.8)
Indication of ERCP			0.222
CBD stone	14 (41.2)	16 (43.2)
GB stone	7 (20.6)	6 (16.2)
Cholangiocarcinoma	8 (23.5)	6 (16.2)
Pancreatic cancer	1 (2.9)	3 (8.1)
Other bile duct disease	3 (8.8)	2 (5.4)
Other pancreatic disease	1 (2.9)	4 (10.8)
PADD	9 (26.5)	5 (13.5)	0.426
Type I	2 (5.9)	0 (0)
Type II	5 (14.7)	4 (10.8)
Type III	2 (5.9)	1 (2.7)
ERCP maneuver
Contrast injection in PD	34 (100)	33 (89.2)	0.116
EST	25 (73.5)	28 (75.7)	0.629
CBD stone extraction	13 (38.2)	12 (32.4)	0.823
EPBD	3 (9.1)	0 (0)	0.153
ENBD	19 (55.9)	5 (13.5)	< 0.001
ERBD	3 (8.8)	5 (13.5)	0.574
Successful cannulation
First trial	27 (79.4)	29 (78.4)	0.915
Including second trial	31 (91.2)	34 (91.9)	0.914
Failure of cannulation	3 (8.8)	3 (8.1)	0.914
Median cannulation time, min (IQR)	19.0 (11.0-37.0)	20.5 (12.8-34.75)	0.732
Post-ERCP hyperamylasemia	5 (14.7)	6 (16.2)	1.000
Post-ERCP pancreatitis	13 (38.2)	4 (10.8)	0.011
Mild PEP	10 (29.4)	3 (8.1)	0.031
Moderate to severe PEP	3 (8.8)	1 (2.7)	0.344
Bleeding	1 (2.9)	2 (5.4)	1.000
Cholangitis	7 (20.6)	2 (5.4)	0.077
Cholecystitis	0	0	-
Perforation	0	0	-

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; DGT: Double-guidewire technique; PD: Pancreatic duct; EST: Endoscopic sphincterotomy; CBD: Common bile duct; GB: Gallbladder; PADD: Periampullary duodenal diverticulum; EPBD: Endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation; ENBD: Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage; ERBD: Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage; IQR: Inter-quartile range; PEP: Post endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography pancreatitis; TPS: Transpancreatic sphincterotomy.