Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt vs endoscopic therapy in preventing variceal rebleeding

Table 1 Comparison of early transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and endoscopic therapy between two groups

Characteristics	TIPS group	ET group	P value
	(64 patients)	(62 patients)
Sex (n)			0.80
Male	42	42
Female	22	20
Age (yr)	51 (± 13)	54 (± 12 )	0.96
Cases of disease (n)			0.16
HBV	38	27
HCV	8	10
Alcohol	2	7
Other	16	18
Endoscopic manifestions (n)
Varices classification			1.00
Severe	62	61
Moderate	2	1
Complicated with peptic unlcer	4	3	1.00
Complicated with gastric dieorders due to portal hypertension	23	28	0.29
Child classification (n)			0.40
A	23	17
B	30	29
C	11	16
Child score	7.0 (± 2.0 )	8.0 (± 2.0 )	0.99
Preoperative manifestations (n)
Complicated with hepatic encephalopathy	1	5	0.20
Complicated with ascites	39	38	0.97
Compression using Sengstaken-Blakemore tube	2	2	1.00
Pre-operative laboratory parameters
Bilirubin (μmol/L)	24.03 (± 12.71)	27.94 (± 13.75)	0.19
Albumin (g/L)	32.25 (± 5.03)	30.85 (± 5.31)	0.65
PT (s)	15.80 (± 3.80)	16.30 (± 4.20)	0.40
Creatinine (μmol/L)	72.80 (± 14.8)	81.50 (± 31.00)	0.21

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; PT: Prothrombin time; TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; ET: Endoscopic therapy.

Table 2 Comparison of cause of death and post-operative severe complications between two groups

	TIPS group	ET group
Cause of death
Gastrointestinal bleeding	3	9
Liver failure	4	6
Hepatic encephalopathy	0	1
Infection	1	0
Post-operative severe complications
Fever	2	2
Spontaneous peritonitis	0	2
Hepatorenal syndrome	0	1
Acute peritonitis	0	1

TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; ET: Endoscopic therapy.

Table 3 Comparison of length of hospital stay and expenses between two groups

	Initial TIPS	Rescue TIPS	Rest of ET
	(64 cases)	(8 cases)	(54 cases)
Average total expense (RMB)	52 678	63 003	35 298
Average length of hospital stay during follow-up (d)	5	20	18
Average number of hospitalization during follow-up	0.4	2.1	1.2

TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; ET: Endoscopic therapy.