Tenofovir rescue therapy for chronic hepatitis B patients after multiple treatment failures

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the subjects (n = 29)

Characteristics
Age, yr, median (range)	56 (22-63)
Male, n (%)	21 (72.4)
HBeAg positive, n (%)	27 (93.1)
Serum HBV DNA, log IU/mL, mean ± SD	5.5 ± 1.72
ALT, U/L, median (range)	47 (12-763)
Prior exposed NAs
LAM + ADV, n (%)	11 (37.9)
LAM + ADV + ETV, n (%)	18 (62.1)
Treatment duration or prior NAs, mo, median (range)	66 (28-125)
Treatment regimen
TDF/TDF+ LAM/TDF + ETV, n (%)	13 (44.8)/12 (41.4)/4 (13.8)
Treatment duration of TDF, mo, median (range)	16 (7-29)
Serum creatinine, mg/dL, median (range)	0.93 (0.6-1.16)
Serum phosphorus, mEq/dL, median (range)	3.3 (2.8-4.4)

ADV: Adefovir dipivoxil; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ETV: Entecavir; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; LAM: Lamivudine; NA: Nucleoside/nucleotide analogue; TDF: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.

Table 2 Summary of prior nucleotide analogue treatment regimens and genotypic resistance analysis

Treatment history	LAM resistance	ADV resistance	ETV resistance	Outcome	n
LAM→ADV	rtM204V/I ± rtL180M ± rtV173L	None	None	No VR	1
LAM→LAM + ADV		rtA181V/T		Viral BT	1
		None		No VR	6
LAM→ADV→LAM + ADV		rtN236T,rtN238A		Viral BT	1
		rtA181V/T		No VR	2
LAM→ADV→ETV	rtM204V/I ± rtL180M	None	rtT184L + rtI169T	Viral BT	1
			rtT184S		2
			rtS202G		3
			rtS202G + rtV207I		1
			rtS202G + rtT184A		1
			None		5
		rtA181V/T	None	No VR	2
		None			1
LAM→LAM+ADV→ETV		rtN238H	rtS202G	Viral BT	1
		None	rtS202G + rtV207I		1

ADV: Adefovir dipivoxil; BT: Breakthrough; ETV: Entecavir; LAM: Lamivudine; VR: Virologic response.