Methane production and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in children living in a slum

Table 1 Demographic data, anthropometric indicators, and basic sanitation conditions of children from the slum and private school groups

	Slum(n = 85)	Private school(n = 43)	P value
Age (yr)	8.2 ± 1.4	8.4 ± 1.3	0.5321
Gender (%)
Male	48 (56.5)	37 (43.5)	0.0612
Female	16 (37.2)	27 (62.8)
Z-score
Age-weight	-0.56 ± 1.03	0.57 ± 1.18	< 0.0011
Age-height	-0.31 ± 1.01	0.29 ± 1.14	0.0031
BMI	-0.58 ± 1.06	0.56 ± 1.25	< 0.0011
Access to public water network (%)	50 (58.8)	43 (100.0)	< 0.00012
Access to public sewage (%)	8 (9.4)	43 (100.0)	< 0.00012
Public collection of household garbage (%)	2 (2.4)	43 (100.0)	< 0.00012

¹mean ± SD, Student′s t-test;

²χ² test. BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Demographic data, anthropometric indicators, and basic sanitation conditions of children with or without small intestine bacterial overgrowth from the slum group

	With SIBO (n = 26)	Without SIBO (n = 58)	P value
Age (yr)	8.3 ± 1.2	8.2 ± 1.5	0.8171
Z-score
Age-weight	-0.76 ± 1.05	-0.46 ± 1.02	0.2131
Age-height	-0.38 ± 0.93	-0.28 ± 1.07	0.6691
BMI	-0.80 ± 1.06	-0.46 ± 1.05	0.1761
Water contamination (%)
Fecal coliforms	21/26 (80.8)	44/574 (77.2)	0.5942
Total coliforms	13/26 (50.0)	30/574 (52.6)	0.9412
Access to public water network (%)	13 (50.0)	37 (63.8)	0.2362
Access to public sewage (%)	3 (11.5)	5 (8.6)	0.4743
Public collection of household garbage (%)	0 (0.0)	2 (3.4)	0.4743

¹mean ± SD, Student′s t-test;

²χ² test;

³Exact Fisher test;

⁴Water samples analyzed in this group. BMI: Body mass index; SIBO: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.