Correlations between endoscopic and clinical disease activity indices in intestinal Behcet's disease

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with intestinal Behcet’s disease

Characteristic	No. of patient (%)
Age at diagnosis of BD (yr)	38.5 ± 12.2
Age at diagnosis of intestinal BD (yr)	41.4 ± 12.3
Gender (male:female)	71:96 (42.5:57.5)
Systemic symptoms and signs of BD
Recurrent oral ulcer	159 (95.2)
Recurrent genital ulcer	78 (46.7)
Ocular lesion	10 (6.0)
Skin lesion	82 (49.1)
Positive pathergy test	4 (2.4)
Arthritis or arthralgia	66 (39.5)
Neurologic lesion	0
Vascular lesion	2 (1.2)
Clinical subtype of BD
Complete	3 (1.8)
Incomplete	78 (46.7)
Suspected	53 (31.7)
Symptoms and signs of intestinal involvement
Abdominal pain	120 (71.8)
Diarrhea	142 (85.0)
Abdominal mass	4 (2.4)
Tenderness	119 (71.2)
Nausea/vomiting	4 (2.4)
Melena/hematochezia	31 (18.6)
Fistula	4 (2.4)
Stenosis (intestinal obstruction)	10 (6.0)
Abscess	0
Perforation	0
Current use of medication
5-ASA or sulfasalazine	163 (97.6)
Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine	24 (14.4)
Colchicine	80 (47.9)
Corticosteroid	72 (43.1)
Patient global assessment
Well	63 (37.7)
Mild	53 (31.7)
Moderate	45 (26.9)
Severe	6 (3.6)
DAIBD	74.9 ± 36.1 (5-155)
Quiescent ( ≤ 19)	2 (1.2)
Mild (20-39)	32 (19.2)
Moderate (40-74)	50 (29.9)
Severe (≥ 75)	83 (49.7)

BD: Behcet’s disease; DAIBD: Disease activity index for intestinal Behcet’s disease; 5-ASA: 5-aminosalicylic acid.

Table 2 Baseline colonoscopic characteristics of patients with intestinal Behcet’s disease

Characteristic	No. of patient (%)
Location of intestinal lesion	4 (2.4)
Ileal area	156 (93.4)
Ileocecal area	25 (15.0)
Ascending colon	18 (10.8)
Other colonic segment
Distribution of intestinal lesion
Localized involvement	142 (85.0)
Diffuse involvement	25 (15.0)
Number of intestinal ulcer
Solitary	86 (51.5)
2-5	53 (31.7)
≥ 5	28 (16.8)
Depth of intestinal ulcer
Aphthous	12 (7.2)
Shallow	46 (27.5)
Deep	109 (65.3)
Shape of intestinal ulcer
Oval	79 (47.3)
Geographic	52 (31.1)
Volcano	36 (21.6)
Size of intestinal ulcer (mm)
< 5	11 (6.6)
5-10	29 (17.4)
10-20	45 (26.9)
≥ 20	82 (49.1)
Margin of intestinal ulcer
Discrete	75 (44.9)
Elevation	13 (7.8)
Nodular elevation	32 (19.2)
Marginal erythema	47 (28.1)
Type of intestinal ulcer
Typical type	94 (56.3)
Atypical type	73 (43.7)
Diagnostic criteria of intestinal BD
Definite	69 (41.3)
Probable	82 (49.1)
Suspected	16 (9.6)

BD: Behcet’s disease.

Table 3 Univariate analysis of endoscopic factors associated with the disease activity index for intestinal Behcet’s disease

Endoscopic factor	DAIBD (mean ± SD)	F/t value	P value
Location		0.48	0.632
Ileocecal area	74.58 ± 36.74
Other	80.00 ± 26.08
Distribution
Localized	73.98 ± 35.22	-0.82	0.414
Diffuse	80.40 ± 41.10
Number of intestinal ulcer		0.39	0.679
Solitary	72.67 ± 30.92
2- 5	76.51 ± 41.75
≥ 5	78.93 ± 40.08
Depth of intestinal ulcer		5.03	0.008
Aphthous	57.08 ± 37.02
Shallow	65.00 ± 30.09
Deep	81.10 ± 37.01
Shape of intestinal ulcer		13.33	< 0.001
Oval	65.13 ± 37.79
Geographic	72.60 ± 28.40
Volcano	99.86 ± 30.95
Size of intestinal ulcer (mm)		6.62	< 0.001
< 5	52.73 ± 35.45
5-10	69.48 ± 36.38
10-20	63.00 ± 33.02
≥ 20	86.40 ± 34.29
Margin of intestinal ulcer		1.95	0.124
Discrete	80.47 ± 37.70
Elevation	56.54 ± 33.63
Nodular elevation	75.47 ± 29.93
Marginal erythema	70.85 ± 36.81

DAIBD: Disease activity index for intestinal Behcet’s disease.

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of endoscopic factors associated with the disease activity index for intestinal Behcet’s disease

Endoscopic factor	βcoefficient	P value
Intercept	47.44
Location
Ileocecal area	0
Other	9.04	0.389
Number of intestinal ulcer
Solitary	0
≥ 2	11.85	0.031
Depth of intestinal ulcer
Aphthous	0
Shallow	5.03	0.651
Deep	12.76	0.261
Shape of intestinal ulcer
Oval	0
Geographic	4.47	0.495
Volcano	26.93	0.001
Size of intestinal ulcer (mm)
< 20	0
≥ 20	8.65	0.225

Table 5 Predicted and actual disease activity index for intestinal Behcet’s disease scores in intestinal Behcet’s disease patients

Actual DAIBD	Predicted DAIBD by an endoscopic model				Total
	Quiescent ( ≤19)	Mild (20-39)	Moderate (40-74)	Severe (≥75)
Quiescent ( ≤ 19)	0	0	1	1	2
Mild (20-39)	0	0	28	4	32
Moderate (40-74)	0	0	37	13	50
Severe (≥ 75)	0	0	42	41	83
Total	0	0	108	59	167

DAIBD: Disease activity index for intestinal Behcet’s disease.