Incidence of human papilloma virus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients from the Lublin region

Table 1 Clinico-pathological characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients investigated from Lublin region

Characteristic	n (%)
Gender
Male	49 (87.5)
Female	7 (12.5)
Age (yr)
> 50	46 (82.1)
< 50	10 (17.9)
Macroscopic type
Ulcerative	10 (17.9)
Infiltrative	6 (10.7)
Ulcerative/infiltrative	21 (37.5)
Protruding	19 (33.9)
Grading
G1	4 (7.1)
G2	43 (76.8)
G3	9 (16.1)
Staging
II	30 (53.6)
III	19 (33.9)
IV	7 (12.5)
Tumor
T2	19 (33.9)
T3	29 (51.8)
T4	8 (14.3)
Nodes
N0	25 (44.6)
N1	31 (55.3)

Table 2 Human papilloma virus identifying primers for polymerase chain reaction study

Primers	Region of amplification	Sequence 5’-3’	Product size (bp)
MY09	L1	CGTCCMARRGGAWACTGATC	450
MY11		GCMCAAGGWCATAAYAATGG
		M = A + C, R = A + G, W = A + T, Y = C + T
HPV16/L1A	L1	GCCTGTGTAGGTGTTGAGGT	264
HPV16/L1B		TGGATTTACTCCAACATTGG
ME12	HPV18/E6	CACGGCGACCCTACAAGCTACCTG	404
ME50		TGCAGCACGAATTGGCACTGGCCTC

HPV: Human papilloma virus.

Table 3 Human papilloma virus status in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients investigated from Lublin region

HPV risk	n (%)	χ2
Tumor samples (n = 56)
High risk	5 (8.9)
Low risk	19 (33.9)b	24.487
Others	4 (7.1)
Total	28 (50.0)d	21.185
Mucosa samples (n = 56)
High risk	3 (5.3)
Low risk	12 (21.4)b	23.451
Others	6 (10.7)
Total	21 (37.5)d	27.521
Control samples (n = 35)
High risk	0 (0)
Low risk	2 (5.7)
Others	2 (5.7)
Total	4 (11.4)

^bP < 0.01 vs human papilloma virus (HPV) high risk, Fisher test;

^dP < 0.01 vs control, Fisher test.

Table 4 Clinico-pathological characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients investigated from Lublin region

Characteristic	HPV positive		HPV high risk		HPV low risk
	n (%)	P value	n (%)	P value	n (%)	P value
Gender
Male	23 (46.9)	0.44351	2 (4.1)	0.02941	17 (34.7)	0.12541
Female	5 (71.4)		3 (42.9)		2 (28.6)
Age (yr)
> 50	25 (54.4)	0.72741	3 (6.5)	0.23321	18 (39.1)	0.22171
< 50	3 (30.0)		2 (20.0)		1 (10.0)
Macroscopic type
ULC	2 (20.0)	0.02932	0 (0.0)	0.11252	2 (20.0)	0.14482
INF	5 (83.3)		1 (16.7)		4 (66.7)
ULC/INF	15 (71.4)		3 (14.3)		9 (42.9)
PROT	6 (31.6)		1 (5.3)		4 (21.1)
Grading
G1	3 (75.0)	0.32342	1 (25.0)	0.26382	2 (50.0)	0.29112
G2	19 (44.2)		3 (7.0)		15 (34.9)
G3	6 (66.7)		1 (11.1)		2 (22.2)
Staging
II	11 (36.7)	0.27202	3 (10.0)	0.61062	6 (20.0)	0.35372
III	14 (73.7)		2 (10.5)		10 (52.6)
IV	3 (42.9)		0 (0.0)		3 (42.9)
Tumor
T2	11 (57.9)	0.34582	3 (15.8)	0.10132	7 (36.8)	0.31252
T3	15 (51.7)		1 (3.5)		11 (37.9)
T4	2 (25.0)		1 (12.5)		1 (12.5)
Nodes
N0	12 (48.0)	0.76041	3 (12.0)	0.24841	7 (28.0)	0.46261
N1	16 (51.6)		2 (6.5)		12 (38.7)

¹Mann-Whithey U test;

²Kruskal-Wallis test. HPV: Human papilloma virus; ULC: Ulcerative; INF: Infiltrative; PROT: Protruding.