Role of taxanes in pancreatic cancer

Table 1 Clinical trials of docetaxel in pancreatic cancer

Trial	CT agent	Line CT	No. of patients	RR %	mPFS (mo)	mOS (mo)	Toxicity %
Okada et al[8]	Doce	I	21	CR 0 PR 0 SD 33	11	6	Neutropenia 86, anemia 10, thrombocytopenia 5, asthenia 33, nausea-vomiting 29
Androulakis et al[9]	Doce	I	33	CR 3 PR 3 SD 58	51	8.5	Neutropenia 36, febrile neutropenia 6, anemia 9, asthenia 9, neuropathy 6
Rougier et al[15]	Doce	I	43	CR 0 PR 15 SD 3	2.11	7	Neutropenia 95, febrile neutropenia 9, anemia 16, asthenia 23, vomiting 7
Stathopoulos et al[23]	Doce + GEM	I	54	CR 0 PR 13 SD 33	81	6	Neutropenia 31, febrile neutropenia 11, thrombocytopenia 7, asthenia 13, diarrhea 6
Ryan et al[25]	Doce + GEM	I	33	CR 0 PR 18 SD 39	3.8	8.9	Neutropenia 49, febrile neutropenia 12, asthenia 27, nausea-vomiting 12, diarrhea 12, neuropathy 9
Lutz et al[24]	Doce + GEM Doce + CDDP	I	96	CR 0/2.9 PR 19.4/20.6 SD 36.1/35.3	3.9/2.8	7.4/7.1	Neutropenia 40/50, febrile neutropenia 9/16, anemia 20/9, thrombocytopenia 8/5, diarrhea 8/5, stomatitis 8/10
Kulke et al[27]	GEM + CDDP GEM FDR GEM + Doce GEM + CPT-11	I	259	CR 2/0/0/2 PR 11/14/12/12 SD 54/58/53/55	4.5/3.3/4.1/4.0	6.7/6.4/6.4/7.1	Neutropenia 46/48/31/25, febrile neutropenia 2/3/5/2, anemia 16/12/16/5, thrombocytopenia 49/25/9/14, asthenia 16/14/21/19, nausea-vomiting 41/26/17/25, diarrhea 80/2/8/8
Fine et al[30]	GTX	I	43	CR 0 PR 21.9 SD 41.5	6.91	14.5	Neutropenia 29.2, thrombocytopenia 12.2, mucositis 7.5
Reni et al[22]	PDXG PEXG	I	105	CR 2/4 PR 58/33 SD 19/46	7.4/7.6	10.7/11	Neutropenia 4/13, thrombocytopenia 2/4, anemia 4/4, asthenia 6/3
Cereda et al[35]	Doce	II	10	CR 0 PR 0 SD 20	1.5	4	Not observed
Katopodis et al[37]	Doce + X	II	31	CR 0 PR 9.7 SD 22.6	2.4	6.3	Neutropenia 32.2, febrile neutropenia 3.2, anemia 3.2, thrombocytopenia 3.2, stomatitis 3.2, asthenia 6.5
Reni et al[39]	MDI	II-III	15	CR 0 PR 0 SD 20	1.7	6.1	PhaseIstudy. Neutropenia 23, fatigue, diarrhea, and vomiting 10

¹mTTP: Median time to progression; CT: Chemotherapy; RR: Response rate; mPFS: Median progression free survival; mOS: Median overall survival; Doce: Docetaxel; GEM: Gemcitabine; CDDP: Cisplatin; CPT-11: Irinotecan; GTX: Gemcitabine + Taxotere + Xeloda; PDXG: Cisplatin + Docetaxel + Gemcitabine + Xeloda; PEXG: Cisplatin + Epirubicin + Xeloda + Gemcitabine; X: Xeloda; MDI: Mitomycin + Docetaxel + Irinotecan; CR: Complete response; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease.

Table 2 Clinical trials of paclitaxel as single agent or in combination chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer

Trial	CT agent	Line CT	No. of patients	RR %	mPFS (mo)	mOS (mo)	Toxicity %
Whitehead et al[10]	PTX	I	45	CR 3 PR 5 SD 13	NR	5	Neutropenia + leukopenia 92 , anemia 23, thrombocytopenia 20, asthenia 23, nausea-vomiting 18, neuropathy 7
Saif et al[46]	GPM	I	56	CR 1.7 PR 3.5 SD 54.8	2.8	6.5	Neutropenia 40, asthenia 17.8, neuropathy 13.3
Löhr et al[48]	GEM GEM + ET 11 mg/mq GEM + ET 22 mg/mq GEM + ET 44 mg/mq	I	212	CR 0/0/0/0 PR 14/14/14/16 SD 30/46/51/35	2.7/4.1/4.6/4.4	6.8/8.1/8.7/9.3	Neutropenia 18/12/16/22, anemia 4/0/4/8, thrombocytopenia 2/8/16/14, nausea + vomiting 2/2/0/10
Von Hoff et al[50]	Nab-PTX + GEM	I	67	CR 4 PR 42 SD 18	7.9	12.2	Neutropenia 67, thrombocytopenia 23, asthenia 21, neuropathy 15
Hosein et al[51]	Nab-PTX	II	19	CR 0 PR 5.3 SD 31.6	1.6	7.3	Neutropenia 32, febrile neutropenia 11, anemia 11
Kim et al[52]	PTX + 5-FU	II	28	CR 0 PR 10 SD 20	2.51	7.6	Leukopenia 6, diarrhea 2, neuropathy 1

¹mTTP: Median time to progression; CT: Chemotherapy; RR: Response rate; mPFS: Median progression free survival; mOS: Median overall survival; PTX: Paclitaxel; NR; Not reported; GPM: Paclitaxel loaded polymeric micelle, ET: Paclitaxel embedded in cationic liposomes; Nab-PTX: Paclitaxel protein-bound particles; 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil.