Prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in Chinese gastroenterological outpatients

doi:10.3748/wjg.v18.i20.2561

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May 28, 2012 (publication date) through Nov 29, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. May 28, 2012; 18(20): 2561-2568
Published online May 28, 2012. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i20.2561

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and comparison of subjects with and without depressive disorders and/or anxiety disorders n (%)

	Screened subjects (n = 1995)	Frequency and percentage of subjects with and without depressive disorders and/or anxiety disorders according to the MINI (n = 674)
Characteristic		With depressive disorders and/or anxiety disorders (n = 323)	Without depressive disorders and/or anxiety disorders (n = 351)
Sex				χ²	P value
Male	914 (45.81)	29 (39.94)	173 (49.29)	6.116	0.013
Female	1081 (54.19)	194 (60.06)	178 (50.71)	6.116	0.013
Occupation				χ²	P value
Laborer/attendant	282 (14.14)	52 (16.10)	46 (13.11)	5.595	0.588
Office worker	227 (11.38)	38 (11.76)	45 (12.82)
Businessman	139 (6.97)	25 (7.74)	25 (7.12)
Teacher	110 (5.51)	17 (5.26)	19 (5.41)
Manager	244 (12.23)	36 (11.15)	48 (13.68)
Farmer	264 (13.23)	43 (13.31)	40 (11.40)
Soldier	9 (0.45)	0 (0)	3 (0.85)
Other	720 (36.09)	112 (34.67)	124 (35.33)
Age groups, yr		mean ± SD	mean ± SD	t	P value
		43.01 ± 14.80	46.12 ± 15.74	3.330	0.001^b
18-29	377 (18.90)	69 (21.36)	85 (24.22)
30-44	659 (33.03)	115 (35.60)	114 (32.48)
45-59	562 (28.17)	93 (28.80)	95 (27.07)
60-	397 (19.90)	46 (14.24)	57 (16.24)

The last four columns present the characteristics and the comparison of the two groups (outpatients with and without depressive disorders and/or anxiety disorders). There are statistically significant differences between the two groups in sex (^aP < 0.05 vs with depressive disorders group) and age (^bP < 0.01 vs with depressive disorders group) by χ² test and t test, respectively. MINI: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

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Table 2 Adjusted prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders among gastrointestinal outpatients in 13 general hospitals in mainland China and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (4th edition) by using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview

Diagnosis	Frequency, adjusted prevalence (%) and 95% CI (%) based on results of the MINI
Diagnosis	Current		Lifetime
GI outpatients in 13 general hospitals
Depressive disorders	181	14.39 (12.85-15.93)	228	18.35 (16.65-20.05)
Anxiety disorders	117	9.42 (8.14-10.70)	122	9.82 (8.51-11.13)
Comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders	59	4.66 (3.74-5.58)	69	5.46 (4.46-6.46)
Depressive disorders or anxiety disorders	239	19.20 (17.47-20.93)	281	22.71 (20.87-24.55)
DSM-IV by using the MINI interview
Depressive episode	141	11.23 (9.84-12.62)	183	14.79 (13.23-16.35)
Depressive disorder with suicidal problems	51	3.91 (3.06-4.76)	58	4.46 (3.55-5.37)
Mood disorders due to physical disease	26	2.01 (1.39-2.63)	32	2.51 (1.87-3.15)
Dysthymia	16	1.25 (0.76-1.74)	34	2.66 (1.95-3.37)
Substance-induced mood disorders	4	0.35 (0.10-0.61)	4	0.35 (0.10-0.61)
General anxiety disorder	57	4.66 (3.74-5.58)	57	4.66 (3.74-5.58)
Specific phobia	20	1.65 (1.09-2.21)	20	1.65 (1.09-2.21)
Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)	20	1.60 (1.05-2.15)	20	1.60 (1.05-2.15)
Panic disorder	17	1.35 (0.84-1.86)	24	1.95 (1.34-2.56)
Agoraphobia	17	1.35 (0.84-1.86)	21	1.75 (1.17-2.33)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder	16	1.30 (0.80-1.80)	16	1.30 (0.80-1.80)

Depressive episode is the most common depressive disorder, while substance-induced mood disorder has the lowest adjusted current prevalence. The most common anxiety disorder is general anxiety disorder, followed by social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. MINI: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; GI: Gastrointestinal; DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (4th edition).

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Table 3 Current adjusted prevalence of depressive disorders and/or anxiety disorders and comparison between men and women

Diagnosis based on MINI	Frequency, adjusted current prevalence (%) and 95% CI (%) based on results of MINI exam				χ²	P value
	Men		Women
Depressive disorders	70	12.06 (9.95-14.17)	111	16.40 (14.19-18.61)	7.555	0.006^b
Anxiety disorders	46	8.00 (6.24-9.76)	116	10.75 (8.90-12.60)	4.339	0.037^a
Depressive disorders and anxiety disorders	24	4.06 (2.78-5.34)	35	5.10 (3.79-6.41)	1.224	0.269
Depressive disorders or anxiety disorders	92	16.01 (13.63-18.39)	147	21.96 (19.49-24.43)	11.285	0.001^b

There are significant differences between male and female patients in the current prevalence of depressive disorders (^bP < 0.01), anxiety disorders (^aP < 0.05) and either depressive or anxiety disorders (^bP < 0.01), respectively. MINI: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

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Citation: Li XJ, He YL, Ma H, Liu ZN, Jia FJ, Zhang L, Zhang L. Prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in Chinese gastroenterological outpatients. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18(20): 2561-2568
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v18/i20/2561.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v18.i20.2561