Serum inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1 is an early marker of diagnosis and prediction of severe acute pancreatitis

Table 1 Characteristics of 86 patients with acute pancreatitis

	SAP, n = 36	MAP, n = 50	P value
Age (mean ± SE, yr)	53.19 ± 14.9	49.4 ± 10.9	> 0.05
Gender (male/female)	18/18	30/20	> 0.05
Length of hospital stay (d)	18.3 ± 1.6	7.3 ± 1.4	< 0.001
Etiology, n (%)
Gall stones	19 (52.7)	20 (40.8)	< 0.05
Alcohol	4 (11.1)	8 (16.3)
Idiopathic	13 (36.1)	21 (42.8)
Test at first 24 h
Blood amylase (U/L)	456.8 ± 175.7	389 ± 125.7	< 0.05
Total bilirubin (mmol/mL)	39.10 ± 22.42	29.15 ± 25.88	> 0.05
Blood glucose (mmol/mL)	9.61 ± 4.77	6.87 ± 2.63	< 0.05
Blood calculus	2.41 ± 0.33	2.63 ± 2.16	> 0.05
Test at 48-72 h
Pancreatic necrosis	16	2	< 0.01
Ranson’s score	5.3 ± 0.5	1.5 ± 0.24	< 0.001

SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis.

Table 2 Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score, serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-6 levels in severe acute pancreatitis and mild acute pancreatitis patients within the first 24 h after admission

	SAP, n = 36	MAP, n = 50	Control	t	P value
APACHE-II	14.47 ± 5.81	7.57 ± 1.44		7.9132	< 0.001
ICAM-1 (ng/mL)	29.68 ± 8.04	16.77 ± 4.37	8.12 ± 2.33	9.5028	< 0.001
IL-6 (ng/mL)	68.76 ± 28.62	35.95 ± 11.56	14.46 ± 3.53	7.2700	< 0.001

SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis; APACHE-II: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IL-6: Interleukin-6.

Table 3 Changes of serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-6 levels in severe acute pancreatitis patients after admission

	Type	< 24 h	48-72 h	t	P value
APACHE-II	SAP	14.47 ± 5.81	16.6 ± 2.03	2.0776	< 0.05
	MAP	7.57 ± 1.44	9.51 ± 1.74	6.0216	< 0.001
ICAM-1 (ng/mL)	SAP	29.68 ± 8.04	44.76 ± 12.08	6.2353	< 0.001
	MAP	16.77 ± 4.37	24.10 ± 5.88	7.0038	< 0.001
IL-6 (ng/mL)	SAP	68.76 ± 28.62	42.19 ± 12.77	5.0868	< 0.001
	MAP	35.95 ± 11.56	21.76 ± 8.65	6.8798	< 0.001

SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis; APACHE-II: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IL-6: Interleukin-6.

Table 4 Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-6 in distinguishing severe acute pancreatitis from mild acute pancreatitis

	Cutoffs	Sensitivity(%)	Specificity(%)	PPV	NPV	PLR	NLR
APACHE-II	> 8	77.77	55.10	0.5600	0.7714	1.7320	0.2223
ICAM-1	25 ng/mL	61.11	71.42	0.6111	0.7142	2.1382	0.5445
IL-6	50 ng/mL	36.11	63.26	0.6190	0.5740	0.8826	1.1680

APACHE-II: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IL-6: Interleukin-6; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value; PLR: Positive likelihood ratio; NLR: Negative likelihood ratio.