Animal models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Table 1 Biochemical and pathological characteristics of animal models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Model	Obesity	Insulin resistance	Steatosis	Steatohepatitis	Fibrosis
SREBP-1c transgenic mice	No (decreased adiposity)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Ob/ob mice	Yes	Yes	Yes	No (does not develop spontaneously)	No (resistant to fibrosis)
Db/db mice	Yes	Yes	Yes	No (does not develop spontaneously)	No (does not develop spontaneously)
KK-Ay mice	Yes	Yes	Yes	No (does not develop spontaneously)	No (does not develop spontaneously)
PTEN null mice	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
PPAR-α knockout mice	No	No	No (steatosis occurs in the starved state)	No	No
AOX null mice	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
MAT1A null mice	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Methionine and choline deficiency	No (decreased weight and adiposity)	Hepatic insulin resistance	Yes	Yes (severe)	Yes
High fat	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes (mild)	Yes
Cholesterol and cholate (atherogenic diet)	No (decreased weight)	Hepatic insulin resistance	Yes	Yes	Yes
Fructose	No	Yes	Yes	No/Yes	No

SREBP: Sterol regulatory element binding protein; PTEN: Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10; AOX: Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase; MAT1A: Methionine adenosyltransferase-1A; PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor.