p53 codon 72 polymorphism and liver cancer susceptibility: A meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies

Table 1 Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis

First author	Design	Yr	Country	Ethnicity	Case/control				Genotyping	HWE
					n	Arg/Arg	Arg/Pro	Pro/Pro
Yu et al[38]	HCC	1999	China	Asian	80/328	28/112	35/141	17/75	PCR-RFLP	0.02
Anzola et al[36]	HCC	2003	Spain	Caucasian	97/111	46/65	47/42	4/4	PCR-SSCP	0.38
Leveri et al[35]	PCC	2004	Italy	Caucasian	86/254	46/122	33/113	7/19	PCR-RFLP	0.30
Zhu et al[31]	HCC	2005	China	Asian	469/567	135/197	252/284	82/86	PCR-RFLP	0.32
Ezzikouri et al[30]	PCC	2007	Morocco	Caucasian	96/222	52/129	31/79	13/14	PCR-RFLP	0.69
Yoon et al[29]	HCC	2008	Korea	Asian	287/296	110/124	111/135	66/37	PCR-RFLP	0.98

HCC: Hospital-based case-control; PCC: Population-based case-control; PCR-RFLP: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism; PCR-SSCP: Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction products; HWE: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of genotypes in control group. χ²-test is used, if P > 0.05, frequencies of genotypes in control group was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Table 2 Meta-analysis of p53 codon 72 polymorphism and liver cancer, odds ratio (95% CI)

Subgroups	Arg/Arg	P value	Pro/Pro	P value	Pro/Arg	P value	Pro/Arg + Pro/Pro	P value
Race
Asian	0.83 (0.68-1.00)	0.543	1.35 (1.06-1.71)	0.048	1.00 (0.83-1.20)	0.120	NA	NA
Caucasian	0.90 (0.67-1.20)	0.199	1.56 (0.91-2.69)	0.420	0.99 (0.73-1.33)	0.160	NA	NA
Gender
Male	0.72 (0.47-1.09)	0.023	NA	NA	NA	NA	1.39 (0.91-2.12)	0.023
Female	0.49 (0.26-0.94)	0.862	NA	NA	NA	NA	2.03 (1.07-3.85)	0.862
Control source
HCC	0.80 (0.67-0.96)	0.575	1.34 (1.06-1.70)	0.106	1.04 (0.88-1.24)	0.094	NA	NA
PCC	1.03 (0.73-1.45)	0.280	1.65 (0.92-2.79)	0.220	0.82 (0.57-1.17)	0.772	NA	NA
Family history
Yes	0.32 (0.07-1.48)	0.667	NA	NA	NA	NA	3.08 0.67-14.08)	0.667
No	0.72 (0.28-1.81)	0.013	NA	NA	NA	NA	1.39 (0.55-3.53)	0.013
Hepatitis virus infection
Positive	1.08 (0.75-1.56)	0.980	0.90 (0.56-1.44)	0.459	0.99 (0.70-1.40)	0.550	NA	NA
Negative	0.55 (0.32-0.94)	0.204	2.07 (1.29-3.30)	0.373	1.19 (0.83-1.71)	0.338	NA	NA

NA: Due to lack of data, meta-analyses cannot be performed. HCC: Hospital based case-control studies; PCC: Population based case-control studies. P value for heterogeneity. If P < 0.10, random effect model was used; otherwise, fixed effect model was used.